TY  - BOOK
AU  - Malavika K R (PUT20192)
AU  - Modi, Khelan (Guide)
AU  - Sinha, Shalini (Guide)  
TI  - How well smart cards are accepted in indian cities : case of Ahmedabad (Softcopy is also available)
U1  - P TH-2640 
PY  - 2022///
N1  - Contents
Undertaking	i
Acknowledgments	v
Abstract	vii
Table of contents	ix
List of figures	xiii
List of tables	xv
1	INTRODUCTION	1
1.1	Background	1
1.1.1	Smart and Integrated Ticketing	1
1.2	Benefits of Smart and Integrated Ticketing	1
1.3	Need for the study	2
1.4	Aim	3
1.5	Objective	3
1.6	Research Methodology	3
1.7	Scope and Limitations	5
2	LITERATURE REVIEW	7
2.1	Understanding the User Perspective	7
2.2	Various Strategies Adopted by Transit Operators across Different Countries to Attract people	7
2.2.1	London Oyster Cards	7
2.2.2	Chicago Card	8
2.2.3	Singapore Ez-Link Card	8
2.3	Fare Policies	9
2.3.1	Fare Policies associated with pricing of fares	9
2.3.2	Innovative fare policies used by transit agencies	10
2.4	Identifying factors which affect the user perception	10
2.4.1	Key findings	11
2.5	Various Models Used to Analyze the Factors	12
2.5.1	Factor Analysis	12
2.5.2	Structural Equation Modelling (SEM)	12
2.5.3	RIDIT Analysis	12
2.5.4	ANOVA	13
2.6	Conclusion	13
3	CASE STUDY AREA: AHMEDABAD	15
3.1	Janmitra Card	15
4	DATA COLLECTION	19
4.1	Secondary Data Collection	19
4.2	Primary Data Collection	19
4.2.1	User Perception Survey Questionnaire	19
5	OVERVIEW OF THE SURVEY DATA	23
5.1	Socio Demographic Characteristics of the Users	23
5.2	Observations on Paper Ticket users	26
5.3	Observations on Smart Card users	27
6	VARIOUS ANALYSIS PERFORMED AND THEIR RESULTS	31
6.1	RIDIT Analysis	31
6.1.1	Paper Ticket Users	31
6.1.2	Smart Card Users	33
6.2	One Way ANOVA Test	33
6.2.1	Variation in perception with respect to Age	34
6.2.2	Variation in perception with respect to Educational Qualification 36
6.2.3	Variation in perception with respect to income level	40
 
6.2.4	Variation in perception with respect to frequency of travel	43
6.2.5	Overall Inference	46
7	CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS	49
7.1	Recommendations	50
References	53
Appendix 1: Survey Questionnaire	55

ER  -