TY  - GEN
AU  - Parsons, K. C.
TI  - Human thermal environments : the effects of hot, moderate and cold environments on human health, comfort and performance the principles and the practice
SN  - 9780748400400
U1  - 612.01446 
PY  - 1993///
CY  - London
PB  - Taylor & Francis
KW  - Architecture
KW  - Temperature--Physiological effect
KW  - Environmental engineering
KW  - Human engineering
KW  - Adaptation (Biology)
N1  - Contents
Preface	ix
Acknowledgements     xi
Notation      xiii 
Chapter 1.	Human thermal environments	1
Basic parameters	2
The heat  balance equation  for  the human body	9
Example calculation	15
Chapter 2.	Human  thermal  physiology and thermoregulation	21
Introduction	21
The  thermophysical properties  of  the human body	21
Psychological  responses	29
Behavioural thermoregulation	33
Body temperature	35
Chapter 3.	Psychological responses	37
Introduction	37
Psychological models	39
Thermal sensation	41
Thermoreception	42
Semantics,  psychological  models and multi-dimensional
scaling	49
Mood,  aggression,  depression  and other psychological
reactions	50
Discussion	55
Chapter 4.	Measurement  methods  and assessment techniques	57
Introduction	57
Measuring  kits and composite instruments	68
Measurement  of physiological response	72
Measurement  of psychological responses	80
The thermal  index -  an assessment technique	85
Chapter 5.	Metabolic heat production	89
Introduction	89
Where does  the heat  come from?	89
Units	91
Estimation of metabolic  heat production	92
The  use of  tables and databases	95
Subjective methods	99
Chapter 6.	The  thermal  properties  of clothing	103
Introduction	103
A  simple clothing  model	104
The two-parameter  model	111
Determination  of  the thermal  properties of clothing	120
Chapter 7. Thermal comfort	131
Introduction	131
Whole-body  thermal  comfort	132
Thermal  models  and  thermal  comfort	149
Do  requirements  for  comfort  apply  universally?	153
Chapter 8.	Heat stress	159
Introduction	159
Physiological  responses  to heat	160
Heat  stress indices	163
Direct  heat  stress  indices	174
Acclimatization	175
Chapter 9.	Cold  stress	181
Introduction	181
Physiological   responses to cold	181
Psychological   responses to cold	183
Chapter  10.    Interference  with  activities,  performance  and  productivity	199
Introduction	199
Early studies:  Factory output  and accidents	200
Performance  models  and  indices	209
A  rational  performance  model	212
Chapter  11.   Human  skin  contact  with hot surfaces	219
Introduction	219
Skin  contact  with a  hot surface -  analysis of  the event	219
Mathematical  models  of  heat  transfer	231
Discussion	243
Chapter  12.   International  Standards	251
Introduction	251
ISO Standards	251
Other ISO items	273
Standards  in the USA	273
Standards  in the UK	278
European  Standards (CEN)
Example of  the application  of ISO Standards  to the	279
assessment  of a hot environment
Example of the application  of  international  (ISO)	281
standards for the assessment of moderate environments Example of  the application  of international (ISO)	282
standards  for  the assessment  of cold environments	284
Chapter 13. Thermal  models and computer  aided design	287
Introduction	287
Thermal models	287
Do models work?	307
Appendix 1 Fundamentals  of  heat transfer	321
Conduction	321
Radiation	321
Convection	323
Evaporation	325
Appendix 2 Computer program listings for the assessment of heat stress,  thermal  comfort  and cold stress	              327
References   337
Index        353

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