TY - GEN AU - Spence, Karen Cordes TI - Primer on theory in architecture SN - 9781138912410 U1 - 720.1 PY - 2017/// CY - London PB - Routledge KW - N1 - CONTENTS Preface x Introduction: Exploring the subject of theory in Architecture 1 Why theory in architecture needs exploration 1 How theory in architecture has escaped investigation 5 The approach for this work 7 An overview of the discussions in the book 16 Notes 19 1 Defining theory 21 Introduction 21 The history of the term 22 Theorizing and theorems 26 The elements if theorizing 28 An observation of a pattern or interruption in a pattern 30 A theorist 34 The activity of theorizing 35 A resulting theorem 35 Characteristics of theorizing 36 Theorizing operates within a paradigm 36 Theorizing is general 37 Theorizing is abstract 39 Theorizing is independent of specific linguistics 41 Theorizing is a claim to truth or accuracy with the world 42 Theorizing results in theorems that are able to be tested or assessed 43 Theorizing does not deviate substantially from existing theorizing and theorems within the same paradigm 44 Theorizing is not recurrent 44 Theorizing never ceases 44 Notes 47 2 The paradigms that ground theorizing Introduction 50 Ontology, epistemology and methodology 54 Ontology 55 Epistemology 55 Methodology 56 Four worldviews 57 Positivism 57 Post-positivism 58 Critical theory 59 Constructivism 60 The cacophony of worldviews 62 Worldviews in the discipline 64 The importance of coherency 74 Recognizing a network of theory in architecture 80 Notes 81 3 The place of theory in the discipline Introduction 84 Theory and history 89 The relationship of theory and history 89 Defining history 89 Connections between theory and history 93 Theorems of history 98 Theory and design 99 The relationship of theory and design 99 Defining design 100 Descriptions of the design process 101 The stages of analysis-synthesis 102 Decision trees 103 Reflection-in-action 105 Conjecture-analysis 106 A note about heuristics 107 Consistencies in the design process 108 Distinguishing the design process from theorizing 109 The interactions of the design process and theorizing 110 Theory and criticism 115 The relationship of theory and criticism 115 Defining criticism 115 The interactions of criticism and theorizing 117 The nature of criticism 119 Theory and manifestoes 122 The relationship between theory and manifestoes 122 Defining a manifesto 123 The connections of manifestoes and theorizing 125 Theory and other writings 126 The relationship of theory to other writings 126 The connections of relationships 128 Notes 129 4 Engaging in theorizing and the construction of theorems 132 Introduction 132 A checklist for theorizing 132 Take time to reflect on your observations of the world 132 Become familiar with writings that address the same or similar observations 133 Articulate how the theorizing differs from ones that are similar 134 Review the theorizing for its ability to be general in nature rather than specific 134 Review the theorizing for its ability to be abstract in nature rather than connected to particular phenomena 135 Review the work for its ability to be communicated in different ways 135 Review the work for accuracy with the world 135 Test the work 135 Remember that theorizing never ends 136 Be aware of and respect the entire iterative process that involves theorizing 136 Bibliography 138 Index 142 ER -