TY  - BOOK
AU  - Ougang, Wei
TI  - Interaction between landscape and pollution along a dam Cascade
SN  - 9061643007
U1  - 712 
PY  - 2010///
CY  - Netherlands
PB  - ITC
N1  - CONTENTS Acknowledgements  i List of figures  vii List of tables  ix 1 Introduction  1 1.1 Problem statement 2 1.2 Research objectives  3 1.3 Study area descriptions  3 1.4 Thesis outline 4 2 Regional vegetation dynamics with climatic feature 7 Abstract  8 2.1 Introduction 9 2.2 Material and methods 10 2.2.1 Study area  10 2.2.2 MODIS image processing  11 2.2.3 Regional meteorological processing 11 2.3 Results 12 2.3.1 Vegetation NDVI characteristic 12 2.3.2 Climatic data calculation  15 2.3.3 Yearly correlation analysis 17 2.3.4 Monthly correlation analysis  18 2.4 Discussion  19 2.4.1 Correlation of NDVI and climatic indicators  19 2.4.2 Application in regional environmental management  20 2.5 Conclusions  20 3 Long-term land cover variation analysis  23 Abstract 24 3.1 Introduction 25 3.2 Material and methods 26 3.2.1 Study area  26 3.2.2 Image acquisition and pre-processing  27 3.3 Results 28 3.3.1 Watershed land cover variation from 1977 to 2006  28 3.3.2 Grassland transformation with other land covers 31 3.3.3 Land cover transformation matrix from 1977 to 1996 33 3.3.4 Land cover transformation matrix from 1996 to 2000 34 3.3.5 Land cover transformation matrix from 2000 to 2006  35 3.4 Conclusions  35 4 Long-term landscape pattern variation with hydroelectric cascade exploitation 37 Abstract 38 4.1 Introduction 39 4.2 Material and methods  40 4.2.1 Study area description  40 4.2.2 Landscape simulation 41 4.3 Results 43 4.3.1 Landscape fragmentation metric variation  43 4.3.2 Landscape ahape metric variation 45 4.3.3 Landscape diversity metric variation  47 4.4 Discussion 48 4.4.1 Landscape fragmentation with hydroelectric cascade exploitation 48 4.4.2 Landscape shape with hydroelectric cascade exploitation 50 4.4.3 Landscape diversity with hydroelectric cascade exploitation  52 4.4.4 Application for hydroelectric cascade exploitation Environmental Impact Assessment 53 4.5 Conclusions 54 5 Soil erosion dynamics response to landscape pattern 57 Abstract 58 5.1 Introd uction  59 5.2 Material and methods  60 5.2.1 Study area description  60 5.2.2 SWAT modelling database setup  60 5.2.3 Data analysis 65 5.3 Results 66 5.3.1 Watershed yearly soil erosion  66 5.3.2 Monthly soil erosion  66 5.3.3 Soil erosion with land cover 67 5.3.4 Soil erosion with landscape pattern 68 5.3.5 Soil erosion with patch landscape feature 69 5.4 Discussion  70 5.4.1 Relationship between soil erosion and land cover 70 5.4.2 Relationship between soil erosion and landscape pattern 71 5.5 Conclusions  72 6 Modelling soil erosion and sediment yield by SWAT and interaction with vegetation NDVI in basin and sub-basin scale  75 Abstract 76 6.1 Introduction 77 6.2 Material and methods 78 6.2.1 Research framework  78 6.2.2 Data procedure  78 6.3 Results 79 6.3.1 Soil erosion and sediment yield simulation 79 6.3.2 Basin and sub-basin NDVI 81 6.3.3 Sub-basin yearly interactions 82 6.3.4 Monthly basin interactions 84 6.3.5 Interaction of NDVI, slope with soil erosion  85 6.4 Discussion  86 6.4.1 Spatial interaction 86 6.4.2 Temporal interaction  86 6.4.3 Slope, NDVI and soil erosion  87 6.5 Conclusion 87 7 Landscape transformation and non point source nutrients polIution interaction  89 Abstract  90 7.1 Introduction 91 7.2 Materials and methods 92 7.2.1 Research framework 92 7.2.2 Data process  92 7.3 Results  93 7.3.1 NPS nutrients pollution simulation 93 7.3.2 Landscape pattern  95 7.3.3 NPS nutrients pollution interaction with vegetation area  95 7.3.4 NPS nutrients pollution interaction with vegetation landscape 97 7.4 Discussion 99 7.4.1 NPS nutrient pollution with three types of vegetation' area 99 7.4.2 Influence of vegetation landscape pattern on NPS nutrients polIution 100 7.5 Conclusions  101 8 Temporal-spatial dynamics of vegetation variation on non-point source nutrient pollution  103 Abstract  104 8.1 Introduction  105 8.2 Materials and methods  106 8.3 Results 106 8.3.1 Temporal-spatial trends of the NDVL  106 8.3.2 Spatial trends of NPS nitrogen pollution  108 8.3.3 Spatial trends of NPS phosphorus pollution  110 8.4 Discussion 111 8.4.1 Influence of NDVI temporal variation on NPS nutrient loads 111 8.4.2 Sub-basin NDVI with NPS nitrogen pollution  112 8.4.3 Sub-basin NDVI with NPS phosphorus pollution  114 8.4.4 Slope, NDVI and nutrients load 116 8.5 Conclusions  117 9 Synthesis 119 9.1 Introduction 120 9.2 Main results and their interrelationships  120 9.2.1 Identifying long term land cover and landscape variation  120 9.2.2 Soil erosion dynamics response to landscape pattern and vegetation 123 9.2.3 Non point source pollution dynamics response to landscape pattern and vegetation 125 9.3 Future work  126 9.4 Conclusions  127 Bibliography 129 Author's biography 141 Summary 143 Samenvatting  147 ITC Dissertation List 150
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