TY  - BOOK
AU  - Vijayakumari, G.
TI  - Engineering physics
SN  - 8125939415
U1  - 620 
PY  - 2010///
CY  - Noida
PB  - Vikas Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.
N1  - CONTENTS Preface  vii Acknowledgement  ix Syllabus - Book Mapping  xi 1: ARCHITECTURAL ACOUSTICS  1 Learning Objectives  1 1.1 Introduction  1 1.2 Classification of Sound  1 1.3 Characteristics of Musical Sound  3 1.4 Intensity  4 1.5 Absorption Coefficient a  9 1.6 Reverberation and Reverberation Time  10 1.7 Measurement of Absorption Coefficient  17 1.8 Factors Affecting Acoustics of Buildings and Their Remedies 21 Summary  24 Assignment Problems24 Questions with Answers  25 Additional Questions  26 Descriptive Answer Questions  27 2: ULTRASONIC  28 Learning Objectives  28 2.1 Introduction  28 2.2 Production of Ultrasonic Waves  29 2.3 Detection of Ultrasonic Waves  34 2.4 Determination of Velocity of Ultrasonic Waves (Acoustic Grating Method)  36 2.5 Application of Ultrasonic Waves-SONAR 38 Summary  44 Questions with Answers  44 Additional Questions  47 Descriptive Answer Questions  47 3: CRYSTAL PHYSICS  49 Learning Objectives  49 3.1 Introduction  49 3.2 Classification of Solids  49 3.3 Crystal Structure 51 3.4 The Crystal Systems and Bravais Lattices 56 3.5 Space Lattices of Cubic System 62 3.6 Miller Indices 62 3.7 Relation between Interplanar Distance and Cube Edge 69 3.8 Crystal Structure of Materials 77 3.9 Atomic Packing Factor of the Cubic System 83 3.10 Hexagonal Close Packed Structure (HCP) 84 3.11 Relation between Lattice Constant and Density 89 3.12 Bragg's Law 90 Summary 98 Assignment Problems 98 Questions with Answers 99 Additional Questions 101 Descriptive Answer Questions 102 4: BAND THEORY OF SOLIDS 103 Learning Objectives 103 4.1 The Band Theory of Solids 103 4.2 Energy Bands in Solids 105 4.3 Classification of Solids into Metals, Semiconductors and Insulators on the Basis of Band Theory 106 4.4 Basic Concepts of p-n Junction 107 4.5 Simple Diode 110 4.6 Zener Diode 113 4.7 Varactor Diode 116 4.8 Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) 117 4.9 Photovoltaic Cell 121 4.10 Solar Cell (Photovoltaic Cell) 123 4.11 Photoconducitve Cell or Light-Dependent Resistor (LDR) or Photoresistor 125 4.12 Hall Effect 127 Summary 135 Assignment Problems 135 Questions with Answers 136 Additional Questions 138 Descriptive Answer Questions 139 5: LASERS 140 Learning Objectives 140 5.1 Introduction 140 5.2 Characteristics of Laser 140 5.3 Einstein's Theory 141 5.4 Basic Concepts in Laser Physics 147 5.5 Nd: YAG Laser 149 5.6 Carbon Dioxide Laser 151 5.7 Applications of Laser 154 5.8 Lasers in Material Processing 155 5.9 Holography 160 Summary 162 Questions with Answers 163 Additional Questions 165 Descriptive Answer Questions 166 6: OPTICAL FIBRE 167 Learning Objectives 167 6.1 Introduction 167 6.2 Fibre-Optic System 167 6.3 The Primary Advantages of Fibre-Optic Communication Compared to Metallic Cable (Electrical) Communication 168 6.4 Fibre Cable Construction 169 6.5 Basic Principle-Total Internal Reflection 170 6.6 Acceptance Angle and Numerical Aperture 171 6.7 Types of Optical Fibres 177 6.8 Types of Optical Fibres Based on Material 178 6.9 Propagation (Transmission) of Light Through an Optical Fibre 178 6.10 Index Profile 180 6.11 Fibre Configurations 181 6.12 Difference between Singlemode Fibre and Multimode Fibre 184 6.13 Difference between Step Index Fibre and Graded Index Fibre 185 6.14 Fibre Optic Communication Link 185 Summary 187 Assignment Problems 187 Questions with Answers 188 Additional Questions 189 Descriptive Answer Questions 190 7: CONDUCTING MATERIALS 191 Learning Objectives 191 7.1 Introduction 191 7.2 Conduction in Metals 191 7.3 Basic Terminologies in Electrical Conductivity 192 7.4 Electron Theory of Metals 195 7.5 Classical Free Electron Theory of Metals 195 7.6 Electrical Conductivity (o) 197 7.7 Thermal Conductivity K 206 7.8 Wiedemann-Franz Law 208 7.9 Success of Free Electron Theory 209 7.10 Drawbacks of Classical Free Electron Theory 209 7.11Quantum Free Electron Theory of Metals 211 Summary  212 Assignment Problems  213 Questions with Answers 213 Additional Questions 216 Descriptive Answer Questions 216 8: SUPER CONDUCTING MATERIALS Learning Objectives 218 8.1 Introduction 218 8.2 Superconductor 218 8.3 Critical Temperature Tc (Transition Temperature) 219 8.4 Properties of Superconductors 220 8.5 Types of Superconductors 226 8.6 Comparison between Type I and Type II Superconductors 228 8.7 High TC Superconductors 228 8.8 Applications of Superconductors 231 Summary 235 Assignment Problems 235 Questions with Answers  235 Descriptive Answer Questions 239 9: NEW ENGINEERING MATERIALS 240 Learning Objectives 240 9.1Introduction 240 9.2 Metallic Glasses 240 9.3 Types of Metallic Glasses 241 9.4 Preparation 241 9.5 Properties 242 9.6 Applications 243 9.7 Nanomaterials 244 9.8 Synthesis 244 9.9 Properties 245 9.10 Applications 245 Shape Memory Alloys 246 9.11 Introduction-Smart Materials 246 9.12 Shape Memory Alloys (SMA) 246 9.13 Types of Shape Memory Alloys 246 9.14 Crystal Structure of Shape Memory Alloy 247 9.15 Functional Properties 248 9.16 Commercially Important SMAs 250 9.17 Applications of SMAs 251 9.18 Advantages and Disadvantages of SMAs  252 Biomaterials 252 9.19 Introduction 252 9.20Biomaterials-Definition 252 9.21Types of Biomaterials 253 Summary 256 Questions with Answers 257 Additional Questions 261 Descriptive Answer Questions 262 10: NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING 263 Learning Objectives 263 10.1Introduction 263 10.2 The Objectives of Non-destructive Testing 263 10.3 Types of Defects 264 10.4 Various Methods of NOT 265 10.5 Visual Display Units (Types of Scanning) 275 Summary 279 Questions with Answers 279 Additional Questions 282 Descriptive Answer Questions 282 University Examination Question Papers 285
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