CONTENTS PREFACE TO THE SERIES v PREFACE TO VOLUME 3 xi PART V DYNAMIC ANALYSIS AND EARTHQUAKE-RESISTANT DESIGN OF DAMS CHAPTER 1: CRITERIA AND METHODS FOR EARTHQUAKE- RESISTANT DESIGN OF DAMS 3 1.1 Considerations in Japan 3 1.2 Considerations in the USA 4 1.3 Transition of Dynamic Analysis 5 CHAPTER 2: STUDIES IN DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR OF DAMS 7 2.1 Improvements in Dynamic Analysis Methods 7 2.2 Studies Based on Earthquake Observations 8 2.2.1 Earthquake response properties of dams 8 2.2.2 Behavior of dams in Japan during earthquakes 9 2.2.3 Dam behavior during earthquakes in other countries 13 2.3 Studies Based on Dynamic Tests 18 2.3.1 Fill dams 19 2.3.2 Gravity dams 20 2.3.3 Arch dams 23 2.4 Dynamic Water Pressure and Dynamic Interaction Theory 25 2.4.1 Dynamic water pressure 25 2.4.2 Dynamic analysis of dam-reservoir-ground system 27 CHAPTER 3: DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF FILL DAMS AND SOME EXAMPLES 32 3.1 Concept 32 3.2 Analysis of Static Initial Condition 34 3.2.1 Embankment analysis 34 3.2.2 Reservoir impoundment analysis 38 3.3 Dynamic Analysis 42 3.3.1 Selection of input earthquake motion 42 3.3.2 Dynamic material properites 43 3.3.3 Applications of dynamic analysis 54 3.4 Safety Evaluation 61 3.4.1 Safety against slides 61 3.4.2 Slide of rigid body according to Newmark 62 3.4.3 Slide of rigid body according to Makdisi and Seed 65 3.4.4 Slide amount according to Watanabe and Baba 66 3.4.5 Studies on liquefaction 67 3.5 Examples of Dynamic Analysis 72 3.5.1 Dynamic analysis of Makio dam 72 3.5.2 Dynamic analysis of Iwaya dam 76 CHAPTER 4: DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF CONCRETE DAMS AND EXAMPLES 85 4.1 Concept 85 4.1.1 Gravity dams 85 4.1.2 Arch dams 86 4.2 Properties Used in Dynamic Analysis 87 4.2.1 Dynamic deformation properties 87 4.2.2 Dynamic strength 90 4.3 Examples of Dynamic Analysis of Gravity Dams 92 4.3.1 Nonlinear properties of concrete 93 4.3.2 Analysis of cracks developed due to earthquake 99 4.4 Dynamic Analysis of Arch Dams 102 4.4.1 Dynamic analysis of Pacoima dam 102 4.4.2 Dynamic analysis of Nagawado dam 106 CHAPTER 4: TOPICS FOR FUTURE STUDIES 116 LITERATURE CITED 121 PART VI EARTHQUAKE-RESISTANT DESIGN AND DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURES CHAPTER 1: GROUND AND CIVIL STRUCTURE OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANT 127 1.1 Basic Considerations for Earthquake-resistant Design 127 1.2 Geological and Ground Survey 132 1.3 Properties Required for Safety Evaluation 135 1.4 Evaluation of Safety against Earthquake 138 1.4.1 Foundation of nuclear reactor building and surrounding slopes 138 1.4.2 Outdoor structures 142 1.5 Examples of Evaluation of Earthquake Resistance 143 1.5.1 Foundation of nuclear reactor building 143 1.5.2 Surrounding slopes 149 1.5.3 Important outdoor civil structures 155 CHAPTER 2: ELECTRIC AL TRANSFORMERS AND TRANSMISSION LINES 164 2.1 Transformers 164 2.1.1 Earthquake-resistant design 164 2.1.2 Dynamic analysis example 169 2.2 Transmission Tower 177 2.2.1 Earthquake-resistant design method 177 2.2.2 Example of dynamic analysis 181 2.2.3 Topics for future studies 192 CHAPTERS: ABOVEGROUND STORAGE TANK AND PIPING 195 3.1 Storage Tank 195 3.1.1 Introduction 195 3.1.2 Earthquake-resistant design method 199 3.1.3 Methods and examples of dynamic analysis 210 3.1.4 Topics for future studies 215 3.2 Piping 217 3.2.1 Introduction 217 3.2.2 Earthquake-resistant design method 217 3.2.3 Methods of dynamic analysis and examples 221 3.2.4 Topics for future studies 229 CHAPTER 4: MENSHIN AND VIBRATION SUPPRESSION 230 4.1 Menshin Structures 230 4.1.1 Menshin design method 230 4.1.2 Methods and examples of dynamic analysis 234 4.1.3 Future topics 241 4.2 Vibration Suppression Design and Elastic Supports 243 4.2.1 Considerations for vibration suppression design and theory of vibration isolation 243 4.2.2 Elastic support method 247 4.2.3 Application of elastic support method 252 REFERENCES 254 INDEX 257