Contents List of Tables 11 List of Figures 15 List of Maps 17 Preface 19 Acknowledgements 23 List of Abbreviation 25 1. Introduction 27 Urban Development in India Statement of the Problem Objectives of the Study Research Questions o Literature Review Role of the State in Urban Development Data base Methodology Study Area Chapter Scheme of the Study 2. Progress of Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) in India 61 Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM): An introduction JNNURM and Sub-missions Strategy of the Mission Expected outcomes of JNNURM Urban governance reforms under JNNURM JNNURM-The cities under the Mission Fund allocation under the various categories of cities Funding of the Mission projects Mechanisms under JNNURM to ensure efficiency Allocation of funds under JNNURM in the CDPs of the cities Performance of the states under JNNURM Overall performance of the states under JNNURM Performance of the states under the Sub-Missions Performance of the Mission cities under JNNURM Total Mission funds released Ratio between the shares of funds released and population Release of funds under UIG Total projects completed under UIG Release of funds under BSUP Urban governance reforms under JNNURM Critical evaluation of the Mission reforms Challenges of the Mission Conclusions 3. Urbanization, Urban Infrastructure and Urban Governance in Kerala 133 Kerala Urbanization in Kerala Urban infrastructure in Kerala Level of urban infrastructural facilities in Kerala JNNURM in Kerala Investment plan under JNNURM Population distribution within the CDP areas of Mission cities Progress of Urban Infrastructure and Governance (UIG) in Kerala Progress of Urban Infrastructure and Governance in Kochi Fund allocated under UIG in Kochi Progress of Urban Infrastructure and Governance in Thiruvananthapuram Fund allocated under UIG in Thiruvananthapuram Comparative progress of UIG in the Mission cities of Kerala Challenges of Urban Infrastructure and Governance (UIG) in Kerala Conclusions 4. Basic Services and the Urban Poor in Kerala 179 Introduction Kudumbasree and poverty alleviation in Kerala Structure of Kudumbasree Role of Kudumbasree in Basic Services for the Urban Poor Slums in Thiruvananthapuram and Kochi Slums in Thiruvananthapuram Slums in Kochi A Socio-economic analysis of the slums in Kochi and Thiruvananthapuram Economic condition of the slum population Legal ownership of land o Common people's participation in decision making User charge payment Coverage of the households under previous developmental Schemes Preference of the house-holds for 'in situ' slum development BSUP in the Mission cities of Kerala Progress of BSUP in Kochi Progress of BSUP in Thiruvananthapuram Comparative progress of BSUP in the Mission cities of Kerala Challenges of BSUP in Kerala Conclusions 5. Conclusions and Policy Suggestions 231 JNNURM- At state and city levels Progress of Urban Infrastructure and Governance (UIG) in Kerala Progress of Basic Services for the Urban Poor (BSUP) in Kerala Policy suggestions from the study Suggestions for JNNURM (All India level) Suggestions specific to Kerala Bibliography 241 Appendix 259 Field Survey questionnaire 287 Index 291