TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT i
UNDERTAKING iii
CERTIFICATE v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS vii
ABBREVIATIONS ix
TABLE OF CONTENTS xi
LIST OF FIGURES xiii
LIST OF TABLES xv
CHAPTER-1: INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Research Background 1
1.1.1 Digitalisation Transformation 1
1.1.2 Rise of Industry 4.0 from Digital-to-Digital Twin 2
1.2 Research Significance and Need 4
1.3 Research Gaps 4
CHAPTER-2: LITERATURE REVIEW 7
2.1 Literature Referred related to Digital Twin Technology 7
2.1.1 Emergence of Digital Twin using BIM and IoTs 7
2.1.2 Application of Digital Twin in Construction 8
2.1.3 Need for Digital Twin Framework for Construction Projects 9
CHAPTER-3:RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 11
3.1 Research Methodology and its Objectives ..11
3.2 Research Methodology Timeline 13
CHAPTER-4: DATA COLLECTION 15
4.1 Physical Construction Data Types and Samples 15
4.2 Virtual Construction Data Type and Samples 16
4.3 How to extract data from physical assets to make Digital Twin 17
4.3.1 Process of Data Extraction through Internet of Things (IOT) Devices 18
4.3.2 Requirement of Data Acquisition Tools (IoTs Devices 18
4.3.3 Data Acquisition, Processing and Uses 19
4.4 Level of Information extracted to make construction digital twin. 20
4.4.1 Interaction with physical entity to extract data required. 20
4.5 Physical to digital application for each construction parameters 22
4.6 Proposed Use cases for digital twin 23
4.6.1 Development of “Real Time Progress Monitoring 23
4.6.2 Development of “Equipment Planning and Logistics” 24
4.6.3 Development of “Safety Monitoring” 24
4.6.4 “Quality defects identification and assessment” using digital twin 25
4.6.5 “Using efficiently equipment and increase its productivity” using digital twin 26
CHAPTER-5: BENEFITS OF STAKEHOLDER THROUGH DIGITAL TWIN USE CASES AND ITS IMPACT ON OVERALL LIFECYCLE OF PROJECT 27
5.1 Stakeholder Involved in Office 27
5.2 Stakeholder Involved on site. 28
5.3 Stakeholder Involved Hybrid (On Site/Office) 29
5.4 Level of Technologies adopted by different Organisation Analyses 30
5.5 Stakeholder challenges faced and its solutions using digital twin model 31
5.6 Visualizing each DT Use cases Interface for better understanding. 32
CHAPTER-6: TO EVALUATE FUNCTIONALITY AND EFFICIENCY OF EXISTING DIGITAL TOOLS 37
6.1 Listed Digital Tools/Software used to produce DT model 37
6.2 Integration of Software to produce proposed DT use cases. 38
CHAPTER-7: IMPLEMENTATION OF DIGITAL TWIN IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS 43
7.1 Implementation of DT in Construction Project 43
7.1.1 Site Logistics Management Digital Twin Model 43
7.2 Equipment Management Digital Model 50
7.2.1 Existing Process of Equipment Management on Site and Problems Faced 50
7.2.2 Equipment Management Digitisation 51
7.2.3 Extraction from physical entity using Sensors and IoT Devices 52
7.2.4 Proposed DT for equipment management application on BIM model 53
CHAPTER-8: VALIDATION 55
8.1 Validation of Proposed Use Cases 55
8.2 Interview and Survey data outcome 56
CHAPTER-9: CONCLUSION,LIMITATIONS AND FUTURE SCOPE 59
REFERENCES 61