Table of contents
Undertaking iii
Certificate v
Acknowledgments vii
Abstract ix
Table of contents xi
Executive Summary xi
Abbreviations xvii
List of figures xix
List of Table xxi
1 INTRODUCTION 24
1.1 Background Study 24
1.1.1 Overview of City Climate Action Plan 24
1.1.2 Sectors and Sub Sectors 25
1.2 Need for Study 27
1.2.1 Transport Emission Trends 28
1.2.2 Transport Sector and Triple Challenges 28
1.2.3 Climate Chaos: The Impact of Extreme Weather on the Transportation Sector 29
1.2.4 Other Impacts on Health, Air quality 32
1.3 Aim 33
1.4 Objective 33
1.5 Scope 33
1.6 Limitations 34
1.7 Methodology 34
2 LITERATURE STUDY 36
2.1 Literature Overview 36
2.2 Urban Transport in India 36
2.3 Governance of Urban Transport 39
2.3.1 Finance in transport sector 41
2.3.2 Other Problems 43
2.4 Key Learnings 43
3 CASESTUDY 46
3.1 Durban Climate Action Plan 47
3.1.1 Overview of the City 47
3.1.2 Climate Risks 47
3.1.3 Base line Emissions 47
3.1.4 Approach towards projects 49
3.1.5 Institutional Framework 50
3.1.6 Public Participation 50
3.1.7 Engagement of Private Sectors 50
3.1.8 Financial Mechanisms 50
3.1.9 Monitoring and Evaluation 51
3.1.10 Generic Key Takeaways 51
3.1.11 Transport Specific Key Takeaways 52
3.2 Jakarta Climate Action Plan 53
3.2.1 Overview of the City 53
3.2.2 Climate Risks 53
3.2.3 Baseline Emissions 53
3.2.4 Approach towards Projects 55
3.2.5 Institutional Framework 56
3.2.6 Public Participation 56
3.2.7 Financial Mechanisms 57
3.2.8 Monitoring and Evaluation 57
3.2.9 Generic Key Takeaways 57
3.2.10 Transport Specific Key Takeaways 58
3.3 Mumbai Climate Action Plan 59
3.3.1 Overview of the City 59
3.3.2 Climate Risks 59
3.3.3 Baseline Emissions 59
3.3.4 Approach towards Project 60
3.3.5 Transport Strategies 61
3.3.6 Key Gaps 61
3.3.7 Institutional Framework 62
3.3.8 Financial Mechanisms 63
3.3.9 Monitoring and Evaluation 63
3.3.10 Generic Key Takeaways 63
3.3.11 Transport Specific Key Takeaways 64
3.4 Comparison Matrix 65
4 TRANSPORT AND CLIMATE ACTION PLAN 68
4.1.1 Transport in General 68
4.1.2 Transport in Climate Action Plan 72
4.2 Conceptual Framework 75
5 Evaluating Transport sector in Chennai Climate Action Plan 78
5.1 Overview of the City 78
5.1.1 Transport Statistics 81
5.2 Climate Risks 83
5.3 Baseline Emissions 85
5.3.1 Baseline Emissions - Methodology 85
5.4 Institutional Part 91
5.5 Technical Part 94
5.5.1 Comparing Existing and Proposed Actions 96
5.6 Public Participation 102
5.7 Monitoring & Finance 102
5.7.1 Cross Sectoral Interventions 104
5.7.2 Outputs and Outcomes of Framework 105
5.7.3 Stakeholders Consultations 106
5.7.4 Learnings from Site Visit 108
6 WAY FORWARD 110
6.1 Recommendations 110
6.1.1 Recommendations for Chennai 110
6.1.2 Recommendations for Tamil Nadu 111
6.1.3 Recommendations for India 112
6.2 Conclusion 113
References 114
Annexure 115