Table of contents
Undertaking 6
Certificate 8
Acknowledgments 10
Abstract 12
Table of contents 14
Executive Summary 19
Abbreviations 26
List of figures 28
List of tables 30
1 Introduction 33
1.1 Background 33
1.1.1 Climate Action Plans and Triple Challenge: Urbanization, Governance and climate change 33
1.1.2 Waste sector and triple challenge 33
1.1.3 Climate Action Plans 34
1.2 Need for Study 39
1.2.1 Impact of Waste in Climate Change 39
1.3 Aim 45
1.4 Objectives 46
1.5 Methodology 46
1.6 Scope 46
1.7 Limitation 46
2 Literature Review 49
2.1 Literature Overview 49
2.2 Why is waste management important? 49 15
2.2.1 Waste Management in the Climate Agenda 50
2.2.2 Fastest growing environmental pollutant 50
2.3 Composition of waste 52
2.4 Level of government responsible for waste management 55
2.4.1 Responsibilities of Municipal Authorities 55
2.4.2 Responsibilities of SPCBs/PCCs 56
2.4.3 Responsibilities of State/UT governments 56
2.5 Financing Waste Management 56
2.6 Public Participation 57
3 Case Study & Best Practices 59
3.1 Mumbai Climate Action Plan and Waste Management 59
3.1.1 Overview 59
3.1.2 Climate Risks 59
3.1.3 Baseline Emissions 61
3.1.4 Initiatives 61
3.1.5 Institutional Framework 65
3.1.6 Finance 65
3.2 Durban Climate Action Plan 66
3.2.1 Overview 66
3.2.2 Climate Risks 66
3.2.3 Baseline Emissions 66
3.2.4 Initiatives 67
3.2.5 Institutional Framework 69
3.2.6 Finance 69
3.3 Jakarta Climate Action Plan 70
3.3.1 Overview 70
3.3.2 Climate Risks 70
3.3.3 Baseline Emissions 71
3.3.4 Initiatives 71
3.3.5 Institutional Framework 72
3.3.6 Finance 73
3.4 Key Takeaways 74
4 Waste and Climate Action Plans 77
4.1 Waste Chain in a city 77
4.2 Waste and Climate 79
4.3 Waste in Climate Action Plans 80
4.3.1 Method as per C40 80
4.3.2 Baseline 81
5 Waste and Chennai Climate Action Plan 85
5.1 Framework 85
5.2 About the City 85
5.3 Role of Waste Sector in GHG growth 86
5.4 Climate Risks and Hazards 87
5.5 Vision and Objectives of Climate Action Plan 88
5.6 Baseline Emissions (Emissions from each category) GHG inventory 88
5.7 Waste in Chennai Climate Action Plan 89
5.7.1 Waste Generation 90
5.7.2 Waste Segregation 91
5.7.3 Collection and Transportation 92
5.7.4 Processing – Extraction of Valuables 92
5.7.5 Disposal 93
5.8 Gaps 93
5.9 Governance and Institutional Framework 95
5.10 Finance 96
5.11 Public Participation 97
5.12 Stakeholder Consultation 97
5.13 Learnings from Site Visit 99
6 Way Forward 101
6.1 Recommendations for Chennai 101
6.2 Recommendations for the cities of Tamil Nadu 106
6.3 Recommendations for India 107
6.4 Conclusion 108
7 References 110