Contents
Undertaking i
Certificate iii
Acknowledgments v
Abstract vii
Table of contents ix
List of figures xiii
List of tables x
List of Abbreviations xi
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Background 2
1.1.1 Disasters 2
1.1.2 Disaster Risk Reduction & Resilience 3
1.1.3 Critical Infrastructure Systems 3
1.1.4 Disaster Resilient Infrastructure 3
1.2 Research Questions 4
1.3 Aim and Objectives 4
1.4 Research Methodology 5
1.5 Scope 7
1.6 Limitations 7
1.7 Report Structure 7
2 Literature review and case studies 9
2.1 Resilient Cities Framework by ARUP 10
2.2 Second Master Plan for Chennai 11
2.3 City Disaster Management Perspective Plan: Greater Chennai Corporation 13
2.4 The Sponge Handbook: Chennai 14
2.5 Catalogue on Nature-Based Solutions for Urban Resilience 16
3 Disaster Resilient Infrastructure – A case of Chennai 19
3.1 Chennai: City Profile 20
3.2 Chennai’s Vulnerabilities 22
3.3 Disaster Timeline of Chennai 23
3.4 Identifying Significant Hazard 24
3.5 Critical Infrastructure System for Chennai 25
4 Chennai Baseline Vulnerability Profile 29
4.1 Data Collection Process 30
4.2 City’s Movement 31
4.3 Hazard Prone Areas 35
4.4 Indication of Resilience in the city 37
4.5 Chennai’s Drainage System 37
4.6 Urban Expansion and Encroachments 40
4.7 Resilience Building Actions in the City 41
4.8 Early Warning Systems 43
4.9 Summary 43
5 Greater Chennai Corporation Area: Vulnerability Assessment 45
5.1 Developing the framework 46
5.2 Performance of Indicators 47
5.3 Ranking 47
5.4 Data Collection Process 48
5.5 Zone Profile 49
5.6 Understanding Wetlands: Pallikaranai 51
5.7 Identifying Critical Road Stretch 53
5.8 Velachery - Tambaram Road 54
5.8.1 Critical Observations 54
5.8.2 Focus Group Discussion: Households & Commercial Establishments 55
6 Conclusion 57
6.1 Key Findings from the Study 58
6.1.1 City Level 58
6.1.2 Zone Level: Perungudi 58
6.1.3 Road Level: Velachery-Tambaram Road 59
6.2 Strategies and Recommendations 59
6.2.1 City Level Recommendations for floodproofing Chennai’s Third Master Plan (to CMDA): 59
6.2.2 6.2.2 City Level Recommendations for floodproofing Chennai’s Road Network 60
6.2.3 City Level Recommendations: Early Warning Systems 60
6.2.4 City Level Recommendations: Response to Emergencies 60
6.2.5 Zone Level Recommendations 61
6.2.6 6.2.6 Street Level Recommendations: 61
6.3 Way Forward 61
References 63
Appendix 1: Traffic Data 67
Appendix 2: Stakeholders in the city 68