Contents
Undertaking iii
Certificate v
Acknowledgments
Abstract ix
Table of content xi
List of figures xv
List of matrixs/tables xix
Abbreviations xx
Glossary xx
Introduction xxv
Chapter 1 Introduction & Study Brief 1
1.1. Premise/background for the study 3
1.2. Aim 4
1.3. Objectives 4
1.4. Concept of the Restoration Toolbox 4
1.5. Why Institutional buildings of the princely state
of Baroda for the Examination? 5
1.6. Research problem/ statement 6
1.7. Research questions 7
1.8. Methodology 7
1.9. Scope of the study 8
1.10. Limitation of the study 8
1.11. Implications/outcomes of the research 8
Chapter 2 Understanding of the material: A summary
of Literature Review 11
2.1. About the material 13
2.1.1. History/origin of ceramic and ceramic tiles 13
a. Growth of the material in the world context 15
b. Primary used of material as utilitarian products 15
c. Influences- Cultural, technological, and economical 15
1. A shift from utilitarian to decoration
2. A shift from handmade craft to a machine-made
product - Industrial mass production
d. Evolution of different Types of ceramic tiles 17
2.1.2. Production/manufacturing process 19
a. Different types and styles of manufacturing
process and techniques 19
b. Current tile manufacturing techniques
for restoration projects 19
2.2. Types of defects and their root cause 24
2.2.1. Loss of tile surface and pattern 24
2.2.2. Tile glaze failure 24
2.2.3. Discoloration 24
2.2.4. De-bonding 24
2.2.5. Stain and effloresce 24
2.2.6. Tile breakage/cracks 24
2.2.7. Impact damage/ broken edges and corners 25
2.2.8. Joint open up 25
2.2.9. Moisture damage to the tile/ rising damp/ Water ingress 25
2.2.10. Tile damage caused by systems update 25
2.2.11. Poor maintenance practice and
inappropriate modifications 25
2.2.12. Degradation of mortars 26
2.2.13. Degradation associated with manufacturing
Techniques 26
2.3. Restoration techniques 27
2.3.1. Cleaning 27
a. Regular and instant cleaning
b. Abrasive cleaning/buffing
c. Acid-based cleaning
d. Consolidation
e. Paint removal from the surface
f. Organic growth cleaning
g. Water pressure and steam cleaning
2.3.2. Protective Coating 29
a. Acrylic-based coating
b. Water repellent
2.3.3. Repair 30
c. Tile repair
d. Mortar joint repair and regrout
2.3.4. Replacement 31
a. Tile replacement
b. Selective replacement of individual tiles
c. Sectional replacement of tiles
d. Consolidation and replacement of mortars
2.4. Restoration principles 33
Chapter 3 Situating the Indian context and selected
Buildings 35
3.1. Introduction 37
3.1.1. Historical background of ceramic tiles 37
a. Origin and growth of ceramic tiles in India 39
b. Sociocultural influences 39
3.2. Baroda State Public Library 42
3.2.1. The historical context and significance of
Baroda State Public Library 45
3.2.2. Survey - Architectural documentation of the
Library 47
a. Inventory of tiles
3.2.3. Identifying deterioration and their root cause 51
a. Condition mapping 53
b. Condition assessment 59
3.2.4. Treatment recommendation 64
3.3. Baroda College – MSU Arts Faculty 71
3.3.1. The historical context significance of Baroda
College – MSU Arts Faculty 71
3.3.2. Survey - Architectural documentation of the
Baroda College 73
a. Inventory of tiles
3.3.3. Identifying deterioration and their root cause 83
a. Condition mapping 85
b. Condition assessment 93
3.3.4. Treatment recommendation 95
3.4. Psychology department – MSU 99
3.4.1. The historical context significance of the
Psychology department – MSU 99
3.4.2. Survey - Architectural documentation of
the Psychology 101
a. Inventory of tiles
3.4.3. Identifying deterioration and their root cause 103
a. Condition mapping 105
b. Condition assessment 113
3.4.4. Treatment recommendation 115
Chapter 4 Discussion 119
4.1. Comparison of three sites 121
4.2. Inferences from the site studies 125
4.2.1. Do’s and Don’ts 125
4.2.2. Cleaning and Routine Maintenance
Guideline 126
4.2.3. Maintenance Cycle 128
4.2.4. Checklist for Routine Inspection 131
4.3. The Toolbox 133
4.3.1. Principles for Repair/Restoration/
Replication 133
4.3.2. Process 137
4.3.3. Resources mapping 149
Chapter 5 Conclusion 151
5.1. Revisit and Reviewing the research questions 153
5.2. Future scope of research 154
Reference List 155
Appendix 161
a.) Site Drawings
1. Baroda State Library
2. Baroda College-Art’s Faculty, MSU.
3. Psychology Department, MSU.
b.) Reclaimed - Historical Tiles
c.) Inventry format for tiles
Annexure 163
a.) Project brief
b.) Historic Tile catalogs
c.) Timeline of historic tile company