Contents
Acknowledgments iv
Abstract v
List of Figures x
List of Tables xii
List of Abbreviations xiii
1. Introduction 14
1.1 Aim 15
1.2 Objectives .15
1.3 Research Approach 15
1.4 Methodology 16
2. Defining Spatial-ecological and Water Sensitive Planning 17
2.1 International initiatives for water sensitive planning 17
2.1.1 Low Impact Development 17
2.1.2 Sustainable Urban Drainage systems 18
2.1.3 Low Impact Urban Design and Drainage 18
2.1.4 Water Sensitive Urban Design 19
2.1.5 Integrated Urban Water Management 20
2.1.6 Bio-Ecological Drainage Systems 20
2.2 Indian initiatives for water sensitive planning 20
2.2.1 Water Sector 20
2.2.2 Ecology and Environment 22
2.2.3 Spatial Planning 24
2.2.4 Initiatives by the government for water sensitive planning 29
2.2.5 Initiatives by NGO for water sensitive planning 29
2.3 Spatial-ecological and water sensitive planning 31
3. State of water sensitive planning in Kozhikode 32
3.1 Kozhikode District 32
3.2 Kozhikode City (Calicut City) 32
3.3 Spatial Planning / Proposed Development Plan 2015-2035 38
3.3 Urban Water Systems 40
3.3.1 Water as a resource 40
3.3.2 Water Infrastructure 41
3.2.3 Sanitation 42
3.2.4 Drainage 43
3.3 Ecology through urban water perspective 45
3.5 Overlay analysis: Identification of hotspots 47
3.6 Summary of Issues and conflicts in Kozhikode 50
3.7 Identification of sites with pressing issues for further assessment 52
4. Assessment of the Identified hotspots 54
4.1 Assessment methodology 54
4.1.1 Infrastructure Assessment 54
4.1.2 GWP/OECD Task Force on Water Security and Sustainable Growth based assessment 54
4.2 Ground water contamination: Assessment on Canoli canal 55
4.2.1 Spatial Planning 55
4.2.2 Ecology 56
4.2.3 Urban Water Systems 57
4.2.4 Stakeholder Assessment 57
4.2.5 Pathways to water security 58
4.3 Urban Flooding: Assessment on Mavoor road 58
4.3.1 Spatial Planning 58
4.3.2 Ecology 59
4.3.3 Urban Water Systems 60
4.3.4 Stakeholder Assessment 60
4.3.5 Pathways to water security 61
4.4 Deteriorating urban ecology: Assessment on Kavu 61
4.4.1 Spatial Planning & Ecology 62
4.4.2 Stakeholder Assessment 63
4.4.3 Pathways to water security 64
4.5 Summary of pressing issues of the Hotspots 64
5. Conclusion 66
References 68
Annexure 74