CONTENTS Preface iii 71. Modern Cartography Techniques 1303 72. Mapping the Use and Misuse of Lands of Indian Arid Zone 1309 73. Cartology a Resource to Relief 1321 74. Computer Application in 3-D Perspective Cartographic Approach 1329 75. Cartographic Data, Derivatives, Thematic Overlays and Applications 1339 76. Digital Cartography or GIS for Resource Management and Mapping1347 77. Digital Cartographic Specifications for Forest Surveys 1355 78. Cartography by Man Versus Cartography by Computers 1355 79. Digital Cartography: Perspective of the Geoscientific Community 1373 80. Image Understanding Techniques for Onboard Digital Cartograhy1385 81. Use of Photography for Creating a Cartographic Data-base1393 82. Relevance of Application of Digital Cartography for Developmental Planning Process in Developing Nation 1415 83. Digitization Process Unveils Secrecy of Maps-A New Era for Cartography: Some Views on Future State of Mapping Requirements1429 84. Cartography of Forest Type Thematic Map 1447 85. Modern Digital Cartography and Geographic Information Processing 1455 86. Managing Natural Resources 1461 87. Oil and Gas Exploration 1467 88. Agriculture 1473 89. Deforestation 1481 90. Air Pollution 1487 91. Mining Borate Ore 1495 92. Clean Water 1503 93. Reclaiming Brownfields 1511 94. Coastal Protection1517 95. Forests and Wildfires 1525 96. Endangered Species 1535 97. Disaster Planning and Recovery 1541 98. Conservation in Classrooms 1549 99. GIS Data for Natural Resource Applications 1555 100. Planning Support Systems: A New Perspective on Computer-aided Planning 1559 101. Locational Models, Geographic Information, and Planning Support Systems 1575 102. Sketch Planning: Systematic Methods in Planning and its Support 1605 103. Structure of a Planning Support System for Urban Development 1627 104. Integrated Land Use and Transport Modelling : The Tranus Experience 1641