Contents
Abstract i
Acknowledgements iii
Contents v
List of tables vii
List of figures ix
List of Maps xi
1.Introduction 1
2.Conflict and the City – A Theoretical Foreground 7
2.1. City, Segregation, and Ghettoisation 8
2.1.1. Migration to Cities and Segregation by the Individual 8
2.1.2. Segregation and Ghettoisation 9
2.2. Conflict 10
2.2.1. How does conflict emerge? 11
2.2.2. Inter-religious Conflict 12
2.3. City and Conflict – Theories in Spatial Approaches 14
2.4. Conclusion and Situating Research in Theory 16
3.Apartheid by Law – The Disturbed Areas Act, 1991 21
3.1. In the Shadow of Violence – The Act in History 21
3.2. The Act Today 25
3.2.1. The Politics of ‘Disturbed Areas’ 25
3.2.2. ‘We, the People’ – The Act and the Constitution 29
3.2.3. Civil Society and the Act 30
4.“This Side of the River” – Paldi as the Site for Research 35
4.1. Demographics – Data and Narratives 35
4.2. Trigger for Research and Politics in Paldi 36
4.3. Communal Conflict and other Cases of the Act in Paldi 39
4.3.1. The Case of Delight Apartments 39
4.3.2. The Case of Mr. Munir Sheikh 40
4.4. Hence, Paldi 40
5.In Theory and Practice – Research Methodology 43
5.1. Research Claim and Research Questions 43
5.2. Research Methods 45
5.2.1. Mapping Disturbed Areas 45
5.2.2. Mapping Religious Sites 46
5.2.3. Mapping the Expression of Identity of the Built Environment 46
5.2.4. Mapping Sounds 49
5.2.5. Mapping Notional Borders 51
5.2.6. Mapping Conflict 51
5.2.7. Interviews 51
6.Paldi – Legal, Social and Spatial 55
6.1. Borders – Legal and Notional 55
6.2. Spatiality of Cultural Values 60
6.3. Where is the ‘Modern City’? 66
6.4. Maps 69
7.Sustained Conflict – Divided Cities 89
7.1. What is the legal producing? 89
7.2. Sustaining Conflict 92
7.3. Built Environment as Gradual Conflict 96
7.4. The Perpetual Loop of Spatial Production 98
Annexure A.Surviving Field Research – Methods and Measures 103
Annexure B.More Reading on the Subject - Bibliography 111