CONTENTS
ABSTRACT 15
RESEARCH PROPOSAL 18
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO SACRED ARCHITECTURE 21
What is Sacred ?
What makes a place Sacred ?
Myth
1.1 SACRED ARCHITECTURE 24
1.2 PURPOSE OF SACRED ARCHITECTURE 25
1.2.1 Worship 25
1.2.2 Notion of worship in different faiths 26
1.2.3 Rituals 28
1.3 ELEMENTS OF SACRED SPACE 30
1.3.1 Transitional Elements 30
Threshold, Path and Plaza
1.3.2 Natural Elements 32
Light, Water and Vegetation
CHAPTER 2 MOSQUE 37
2.1 HISTORY 38
2.1.1 Direction of Prayer 39
2.1.2 Importance of Kaaba 41
2.1.3 Five Tenets of Islam 42
2.2 MAIN PRINCIPLES OF MOSQUE 44
Directionality 44
Collective Praying 45
Purity 46
Time 47
Transition 47
2.3 ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS OF MOSQUE 48
2.4 ARCHITECTURAL COMPONENTS 49
2.5 FORM OF A MOSQUE 59
2.5.1 Scale 60
2.5.2 Axis 62
2.5.3 Sequence 62
2.5.4 Symmetry 63
2.5.5 Interiority 64
2.6 EVOLUTION OF MOSQUE 66
2.7 REGIONAL STYLES 69
- Hypostyle Mosque 69
- Four-Iwan Mosque 70
- Central Dome Mosque 71
Turkish timeline
- Indian style Mosque 74
Indian timeline
- Chinese or Southeast Asian Mosque 80
CHAPTER 3 MOSQUES OF PRESENT TIMES 83
21st Century
20th Century
CHAPTER 4 CASE STUDIES AND INFERENCES 93
1. Dadamiya Mosque with Jami Mosque
2. Sancaklar Mosque with Suleymaniye
CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION 156
GLOSSARY 159
BIBLIOGRAPHY 161
REFERENCES 163