Contents
Certificate iv
Acknowledgments vii
Abstract ix
Abbreviations xi
Table of contents xiii
List of figures xvi
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Urban lakes 1
1.1.1 Functions of Urban lakes in India 1
1.1.2 Issues of Urban lakes in India 2
1.1.3 Impacts 3
1.2 Background study – according to chronological order 3
1.2.1 Global scenario 3
1.2.2 Global initiative 4
1.2.3 Indian scenario 5
1.2.4 National initiatives 5
1.3 Bengaluru city profile 12
1.3.1 Rainfall data 13
1.3.2 Topography 13
1.3.3 Lakes of Bangalore 14
1.3.4 Urbanisation in Bengaluru 15
1.3.5 State level initiatives 17
1.3.6 Bengaluru City initiatives 17
1.3.7 Implementation level of different governance approaches undertaken for Bengaluru lakes 17
1.4 Rational for the study 18
1.5 Research question 19
1.6 Objectives 19
2 Approach and Methodology 21
3 Study of selected lakes of Bengaluru 31
3.1 Case study 1: Bellandur lake 31
3.2 Case study 2: Sankey Tank 33
3.3 Case study 4: Nagawara Lake 35
3.4 Case study 3: Madiwala Lake 36
3.5 Case study 5: Bheemanakuppe Lake 38
3.6 Case study 6: Kaikondanahalli Lake 39
3.7 Comparative study of all the selected lakes 40
3.7.1 From the household survey 41
3.7.2 From FGD 46
3.7.3 Comparative matrix from HH survey and FGD 46
3.7.4 Comparative matrix from the key person interview 48
3.7.5 Data triangulation 49
4 Role of Stakeholder in management of lakes 55
4.1 Institutional structure 55
4.2 Role of organisations 57
4.3 Role of citizens 57
4.3.1 Citizen awareness 57
4.4 Comparative matrix from HH survey, FCD and key person interview: 59
5 Conclusion and recommendations 61
5.1 Conclusion 61
5.2 Recommendations 62
5.2.1 Different case studies with different technologies 62
5.2.2 Different case studies involving different lake development approaches 64
6 References 67
Appendix 1: Key person interviews 71
Appendix 2: HH survey questionnaire 72
Appendix 3: Classification of surface water according to CPCB 74
Appendix 4: Lake view images of all the selected lakes of Bengaluru 75