Contents
Undertaking iv
Certificate v
Acknowledgments vi
Abstract ii
Table of contents iii
List of figures vii
List of tables xii
1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background 1
1.2 Need of the study 2
1.3 Relevance of the study 4
1.4 Research Problem Statement 4
1.5 Central Research Question 5
1.6 Aim 6
1.7 Objectives 6
1.8 Research Framework 7
1.8.1 Research Design 7
1.8.2 Methodology 8
1.8.3 Scope (both conceptual and geographical) 12
1.8.4 Limitations 13
1.9 Chapter Outline 13
2 LITERATURE REVIEW 15
2.1 Elderly and Aging 15
2.1.1 Definitions 15
2.1.2 The Aging Scenario 15
2.1.3 Introduction to Elderly and Aging 18
2.1.4 Aging Theoretical Framework: 20
2.1.5 Problems faced by Senior citizens 22
2.1.6 Needs of Senior citizens 25
2.1.7 Categories of Elderly who need Housing 27
2.1.8 Age Integration or Segregation 28
2.2 Elderly and Housing 29
2.2.1 Understanding Housing 29
2.2.2 Meaning of home for elderly 30
2.2.3 Housing Needs of the Elderly 31
2.2.4 Housing as a Lifestyle choice 32
2.2.5 Housing Preferences, Housing Choices and Housing satisfaction 33
2.3 POLICY FOR SENIOR HOUSING: International and Indian Context ... 41
2.3.1 International Policy and Programme Response to Senior Housing 41
2.3.2 Indian Policy and Programme Response to Senior Housing 46
3 MARKET ANALYSIS 47
3.1 Senior Housing Options in Global and Indian context 47
3.2 Retirement Homes: A New Approach to Senior Housing in India 50
3.2.1 History of Senior Living 50
3.2.2 Types of customers for Senior Living 51
3.2.3 Opportunities in Senior Living Sector 52
3.2.4 Demand for Senior Living 53
3.2.5 Formats of Senior Housing Facilities 57
3.2.6 Levels of Care in Senior Housing Facilities 58
3.3 Senior Living Projects in India 59
3.3.1 Existing and upcoming Senior Living projects 59
3.3.2 Trends in Senior Living projects 60
3.4 Conclusion 64
3.4.1 Elderly and Housing 64
3.4.2 Quality housing framework for elderly 65
3.4.3 Senior living—Paradise for Retirees 66
3.4.4 Requirements in a Senior Living Project 66
4 CASE STUDY: KOLKATA, WEST BENGAL 67
4.1 State Profile 67
4.1.1 Aging Scenario in West Bengal 67
4.1.2 Aging Scenario in Kolkata District 68
4.2 City Profile: Brief Historical and Geographical Overview 71
4.2.1 Growth of the City 71
4.2.2 Demography 72
5 STUDY AREA SELECTION IN KOLKATA 76
6 DATA ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS 80
6.1 Ward wise data Analysis of Household Survey 80
6.1.1 Introduction 80
6.1.2 Sample Socio-Economic Profile 80
6.1.3 Questionnaire results 83
6.2 Composite Data Analysis of Household Survey 98
6.2.1 Introduction 98
6.2.2 Sample Profile 98
6.2.3 Key Findings 138
6.2.4 Demand Calculation for senior living units 141
6.3 Data Analysis for Developers Survey 143
6.3.1 Introduction 143
6.3.2 Developer Profile: A: Shrachi Rosedale Developers 144
6.3.3 Developer Profile: B: Peace Senior Living 144
6.3.4 Developer Profile: C: Infinity Group Developers 145
6.3.5 Developer Profile: D: Godhuli Group 145
6.3.6 Comparative Analysis of Different Projects 146
6.3.1 Key Challenges in the Senior Living Sector 151
7 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 153
7.1 Role of Government & Private Sector 153
7.2 Provision for Improvement: Access to Housing 153
7.3 Conclusions 154
7.4 Issues and Recommendations 154
8 References xiii
Appendix 1: HOUSEHOLD SURVEY xxii
Appendix 2: DEVELOPERS’ SURVEY xxviii