CONTENTS
Acknowledgments v
Abstract vii
Table of Contents xiv
List of Figures xix
List of Maps xxi
List of Tables xxii
1 Introduction 1
1.1 The Arguments for Urban Resilience Integration in Spatial Planning 4
1.2 Overview of this Dissertation 6
1.3 Research Problem, Questions, Aim and Objectives 7
1.3.1 Problematizing Resilience 8
1.3.2 Central Research Question 8
1.4 Organisation of this Dissertation 9
2 Towards a Conceptual Framework for Urban Resilience Framework in
Spatial Planning Practice 11
2.1 Review of Literature Related to Key Concepts 11
2.2 Deconstructing the Vulnerability–Resilience Paradigm 11
2.2.1 Theoretical Propositions Related to Vulnerability and Climate
Change Induced Vulnerability 12
2.2.2 Vulnerability: Summary of Key Conceptual Models of
Vulnerability 14
2.3 Conceptualising Resilience 17
2.3.1 Resilience Perspectives: From Engineering and Social to
Ecological Resilience 21
2.3.2 Resilience of Urban Systems 23
2.4 Resilience in Urban Spatial Planning 25
Cities Resil 2.4.1 ience Strategy in Indian Cities 30
2.4.2 Review of City Resilience Activities in Surat, India 32
2.5 Summary of Vulnerability and Resilience Narratives 34
2.5.1 Conceptualisation of Urban Planning and Urban Resilience 35
3 Research Methodology 39
3.1 Introduction: Data Collection and Research Methods 39
3.2 Data Collection 43
3.2.1 Secondary Data 43
3.2.2 Primary Survey and Interviews 44
3.3 Methods of Inquiry 45
3.3.1 City-wide Preliminary Resilience Assessment 46
3.3.2 Qualitative Research in Shock Prone Areas 48
3.4 Methodology for Spatial Vulnerability Analysis 48
3.4.1 Urban Flooding 48
3.4.2 Urban Heat Island 49
3.5 Interviews with the State Actors 50
3.6 Interviews with Professionals, Consultants and Experts 51
3.7 Interpretation and Analysis of Empirical Data 51
4 The Empirical Context – Case of Ahmedabad City 53
4.1 Introduction 53
4.2 Population Growth and Urbanization Pattern 55
4.2 Urban Expansion 58
4.3 Slum Population 60
4.4 Urban Governance 61
4.4.1 Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation 61
4.4.2 Ahmedabad Urban Development Authority (AUDA) 62
4.5 Analysis of Land Use and Land Cover Changes 63
4.6 Overview of the City’s Vulnerability 66
4.6.2 Climatic Variability 69
4.6.3 Climate Data Challenges 69
4.7 Assessment of Climatic Variability in the Context of Ahmedabad 71
4.7.1 Temperature Profile 71
4.7.2 Rainfall 74
4.8 Future Climatic Perspectives for Ahmedabad 76
5 Review of Urban Planning Processes and Response 78
5.1 Urban Planning Structure in Ahmedabad 78
5.1.1 Local Area Planning in Gujarat 80
5.2 Review of Regulatory Planning Efforts in Ahmedabad 81
5.2.1 Ahmedabad Development Plan, 1965 81
5.2.2 Ahmedabad Development Plan, 1981–87 82
5.2.3 Ahmedabad Development Plan, 1997–2002 83
5.2.4 Summary of Spatial Planning Initiatives, 1965–2002 86
5.3 AUDA Draft Development Plan, 2021 87
5.4 City Development Strategy (CDS), 1999 92
5.5 City Development Plan, 2005 92
5.6 Ahmedabad Heat Action Plan, 2013 and 2016 93
5.7 Ahmedabad Disaster Risk Management: Urban Earthquake Vulnerability
Reduction Programme (UEVRP) and Ward Disaster Management Plan 95
5.8 Ahmedabad City Health Plan, 2013 96
5.9 New Urban Missions, 2015 98
5.10 Summary of Urban Planning Instruments in Ahmedabad 101
6 Preliminary Resilience Assessment 106
6.1 City-Wide Profiling of Shocks and Stresses 111
6.2 Analysis of the Responses 112
6.2.1 Key Shocks 113
6.2.2 Key City Stresses 115
6.3.1 Priority of Shocks and Spatiality 117
6.3.2 Priority of Stresses and Spatiality 121
6.3.3 Assessment of City Zone Wise Shocks and Stresses 125
6.3.4 Discussion of Preliminary Resilience Assessment Results 126
6.5.1 Bopal Local Area 131
6.5.2 Demography of Bopal 131
6.5.3 Spatial Growth of Bopal 132
6.5.4 Bopal Before Merger with AUDA 134
6.5.5 Utility and Impact of TP Schemes in Bopal 137
6.5.6 Case of Sankalitnagar 140
6.5.7 Spatial Growth of Sankalitnagar 141
6.5.8 Key Changes Observed in Sankalitnagar Before and After the
Town Planning Scheme 143
6.5.9 Summary of Findings 146
6.6 Scope and Limitations of Urban Planning in the context of Urban
Resilience 146
7 Conclusions and Way Forward 150
7.1 Introduction 150
7.2 Key Findings 151
7.3 Main Contributions 154
7.4 Recommendation: Resilient Urban Planning Framework for Ahmedabad
155
7.4.1 Proposed Urban Planning Hierarchy 158
7.5 Limitations of this Research 158
7.6 Future Research Directions 159
References 161
Appendix - 1 172