CONTENTS
ABSTRACT 4
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 5
List of Figures 9
LIST OF TABLES 12
ABBREVIATIONS 13
1. INTRODUCTION 15
1.1 Background and need for the study 15
1.2 Research questions 17
1.3 Scope and limitation of the study 18
2. LITERATURE REVIEW 19
2.1 Introduction 19
2.2 Building energy use characterization 19
2.3 Building energy use simulation 20
2.4 Building stock estimation/assessment 21
2.5 Building stock modelling 21
2.6 Building energy performance benchmark 24
3. METHODOLOGY 25
3.1 Data collection 25
3.2 Base-case 26
3.3 ECMs identification & simulation 28
3.4 Aggregation of the savings to national building stock 29
4. BASE-CASE SIMULATION & ANALYSIS 31
4.1 Building level data sources 31
4.2 Synthesis of building level data 32
4.3 Prototype simulation | base case simulation 33
5. ECMs RESULTS AND ANALYSIS 35
5.1 ECBC compliant ECMs 35
5.2 Beyond ECBC ECMs 35
5.3 Results for individual ECMs 36
6. NATIONAL BUILDING STOCK LEVEL ANALYSIS 38
6.1 Aggregation level data 38
6.2 Complied aggregation data 39
6.3 Building stock analysis 40
6.4 Energy savings at building stock 42
7. CONCLUSIONS 45
8. FUTURE SCOPE FOR THE STUDY 47
9. BIBLIOGRAPHY 48
ANNEXURE 54
A Preliminary literature review 54
B Data sources for prototypes and aggregation 57
C Building energy Benchmarks 58
D Energy audit raw data 59
E Building level parameters 67
F ECMs Specifications 81
G Applicability factors 85
H Climate data & formulae for Aggregation 86
I Simulation results 91
J Climate weighted simulation results 103
K VRV+VAV system providers 106
L ECM Input Sheet 1 108
M Building prototype 138