CONTENTS
Abstract iv
Contents vi
List of tables ix
List of figure x
List of Abbreviations xi
1. Introduction 1
1.1. General 1
1.2. Objective and scope of work 1
1.2.1. Objective 2
1.2.2. The scope of work 2
1.2.3. Limitation 2
1.2.4. Flow chart of scope 3
1.3. Methodology 3
2. Literature Review 4
2.1. Literature – Need of study 4
2.1.1. Durability studies on concrete with Fly Ash and GGBS 4
2.1.2. Fly Ash as a Partial Replacement of Cement in Concrete and Durability Study of Fly Ash in Acidic (H2SO4) Environment 5
2.1.3. Effect of Fly Ash Additive on Concrete Properties 5
2.1.4. Analysis of strength characteristics of GGBS Concrete 6
2.1.5. Sustainable Studies on Concrete with GGBS as a Replacement Material in Cement 6
3. Test setup and methods 7
3.1. General 7
3.2. Material used for experimental work: 7
3.2.1. Cement 7
3.2.2. Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag 7
3.2.3. Fly Ash 8
3.2.4. Aggregates 8
3.2.5. Water 8
3.3. Apparatus used for experimental work: 8
3.3.1. Concrete Mixer 8
3.3.2. Slump Test Apparatus 8
3.3.3. Compression Testing Machine 8
3.3.4. Moulds 8
3.4. Test procedure 9
3.4.1. Compressive strength test (As per IS 519:1959) 9
3.4.2. Rebound hammer test (As per IS 13311 (Part 2): 1992) 9
3.4.3. Ultrasonic pulse velocity test (As per IS 13311 (Part 1): 1992) 9
3.4.4. Acid ponding 11
3.4.5. Distilled Water Exposure: 11
3.4.6. Sunshine Exposure: 11
4. Laboratory Test Results 12
4.1. Workability Results 12
4.2. Compressive strenght test 12
4.3. Compressive strength test results discussion 15
4.4. NDT Results 16
4.5. NDT RESULTS DISCUSSION 18
5. Findings and Future Scope 19
5.1. Findings 19
5.2. Future Scope 19
References 20
Appendix - A 22
Appendix - B 23
Appendix - C 24