CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Background and context 1 1.2 Need for the study: Case of Ahmedabad 3 1.3 Research aim and objectives 4 1.4 Research matrix 4 1.5 Research methodology 5 1.6 Scope and Limitation 8 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 9 2.1 Relocation and the relocated urban poor. 9 2.2 4 A’s of public transport 10 2.3 Transportation affordability 11 2.3.1 Factors affecting transportation affordability 12 2.4 Affordability Index 15 2.4.1 Theoretical and empirical approach for affordability 16 2.4.2 Affordability comparison of various cities. 17 2.4.3 Affordability index for people in bottom quintile of income distribution 21 2.5 Mode choice 22 2.5.1 Factors affecting mode choice 23 2.6 Discrete mode choice models 25 2.6.1 Logit models 26 2.7 Survey methods 28 2.7.1 Revealed Preference Method: Limitations 29 2.8 Past studies related to mode choice behaviour 30 2.8.1 Modelling Mode Choice Behavior in Dhaka City: Issues and Challenges 30 3 DATA COLLECTION 32 3.1 Introduction 32 3.2 Methodology 32 3.3 Data requirements 33 3.4 Study area selection 33 3.5 Sampling: 36 3.6 Survey questionnaire 37 3.7 Secondary data collection 37 4 DATA ANALYSIS 38 4.1 Introduction 38 4.2 Socio-economic characteristics 38 4.3 Desire Line 39 4.4 Travel characteristics 41 4.4.1 Modal share 41 4.4.2 Trip Length 44 4.4.3 Travel Cost 47 4.4.4 Income 47 4.4.5 Trip time 49 4.5 Affordability Index 52 4.6 Mode choice modelling 54 4.6.1 Multinomial Logit modelling 54 4.6.2 Binary Logit modelling 59 5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 61 5.1 Conclusion 61 5.2 Application of research 64 5.3 Recommendations 65 5.4 Future scope of study 65 REFERENCES 65 APPENDIX 66