CONENTS ABSTRACT v 1. Need for study 1 1.1. Introduction 2 1.2. Aim 3 1.3. Objectives 4 1.4. Methodology 5 2. Historic Evolution 6 2.1 Formation Period (1500- 1764) 6 2.2 Sikh Misls(1764-1849) 7 2.3 British Rule (1849-1947) 8 2.4 Post-Independence (1947-2012) 8 2.5 Time line 9 3. Walled City Of Amritsar 10 3.1. Religious and heritage structures in walled city 11 3.2 Tourism in Walled City Of Amritsar 12 4. Case study . 13 4.1 Fazilka, Punjab 13 4.2 Pedestrian priority street - Nanded, India 14 4.3 Ghent, Belgium 14 4.4 Parking Demand Management proven successful 15 4.5 Shahjahanabad 16 4.5.1 Tram proposal in outer ring road 17 4.5.2 Revising hierarchy of roads 18 4.5.3 Dedicated NMV in some roads 19 4.5.3 Dedicated NMV lane 20 4.5.4 Multi modal Station 21 5. Need of mobility plan 22 5.1 Congestion in roads of study area 22 5.2 Service level benchmarks (SLB) for urban transport 23 5.3 High travel time and cost Station and Bus stand 24 5.4 Lack of NMT infrastructure 25 5.5 Proposed public transport is not integrated with walled city 26 Tourist Mobility Plan of walled city of Amritsar Navkiran Kaur (MIED 300313) vii 5.6 Lack of IPT stands 27 6. Traffic Demand Management 28 6.1 Retrofitting Roads 29 6.1.1 Key Design Principles 29 6.2 Street Design elements 30 6.2.1 Footpaths 30 6.2.2 Footpath Elements. 31 6.2.3 Carriage way . 32 6.2.4 On street parking 33 6.2.5 Bus stops 34 6.2.6 Street Lights 35 6.2.7 Streetscape Furnishings. 35 6.2.8Traffic Calming Approaches 36 6.2.9 Railings . 36 6.2.10.Multi utility belt 36 6.2.11. The fundamental design requirements 37 6.3 Hall gate road 38 6.3.1. About road 38 6.3.2 Issues 38 6.3.3Existing Road Section . 39 6.3.4 Proposed Road Section 39 6.3.5Junction Plan . 40 6.4 Road 3 . 41 6.4.1 Issues 41 6.4.2 Existing Road Section 42 6.4.3Proposed Road Section 42 6.5 Road 4 43 6.5.1 Issues 43 6.5.2Existing Road Section . 44 6.5.3 Proposed Road section 44 6.6 Road 5 45 6.6.1 Issues 45 6.6.2 Existing Road Section 46 6.6.3 Proposed Road section 46 6.6.4 Existing Road Section 47 6.6.5 Proposed Road Section 47 6.7 Road 6 48 6.7.1 Issues 48 6.7.2 Existing Road Section 49 6.7.3 Proposed Road section 49 7. Parking 50 7.1 On Street Parking 50 7.1.1 Issues 50 7.1.2 Calculating Demand of on street parking 52 7.1.3 Proposals 53 7.2 Off Street Parking 54 7.2.1 Existing 54 7.2.2 Proposal 55 8. Intermediate Public Transport 56 8.1 IPT (Proposals) 57 9. Public Transport 58 9.1 Existing BRTS 58 9.2 Existing public transport from bus stand and station 59 9.3 Proposal of feeder routes 60 10. Costing . 61 Bibliography 63