CONTENTS 1. Introduction 7 1.1 Background 7 1.2 Significance & Rationale of the study 9 1.2.1 Significance of an Activity Center 9 1.2.2 Significance of Planning Activity Centers 10 2. Activity Centers 12 2.1 What is an Activity Center? 12 2.2 Typology of Activity Centers: 14 2.2.1 Regional Activity Center (RAC) 14 2.2.2 Sub-City Activity Centers (SCAC) 17 2.2.3 Neighbourhood Activity Center (NAC) 19 3. Why to Study Activity Centers? 23 3.1 Research Question 23 3.2 Aim 23 3.3 Objectives 23 3.4 Analytical Framework 24 3.4.1 Identification of Activity Centers 24 3.4.2 Classifying Activity Centers 24 3.4.3 How to plan & incorporate Activity Centers 24 3.5 Data Source & Data Collection 25 3.6 Scope & Limitations 25 4. Learnings from other Cities’ Activity Centers 28 4.1 Melbourne: Metropolitan Activity Center 28 4.1.1 Hierarchy of Centers: 30 4.1.2 Criteria used to identify activity centers . 31 4.1.3 Planning & Implementation Framework 32 4.2 Atlanta: Livable Centers. 34 4.2.1 Types of Livable Centers 35 4.2.2 Criteria used to identify Livable Centers 36 4.2.3 Planning & Implementation Framework 37 4.3 Washington D.C.: Regional Activity Center 39 4.3.1 Types of Activity Center 40 4.3.2 Criteria used to identify Activity Centers . 42 4.3.3 Planning & Implementation Framework 42 4.4 Learnings 44 5. Identification of Activity Centers: Indian Cities 47 5.1 Methodology 48 5.2 Ahmedabad 51 5.3 Bangalore 58 5.4 Pune 64 6. Planning & Implementation of Activity Centers in Indian Cities 72 6.1 Implementation of Activity Centers at Multiple Levels: 72 6.1.1 Urban Area Level: 72 6.1.2 Local Level 72 6.1.3 State Level 72 6.2 Tools & Techniques to Implement Activity Centers 73 6.2.1 Legislative Framework . 73 6.2.2 Development Control Regulations (DCR) 74 6.2.3 Stakeholder Consultation 75 7. Conclusion 77 8. References 79 Annexure 81 Questionnaire for Citizens 81