CONTENTS Executive Summary IV 1.1 General 2 1.1.1 Concerns 3 1.1.2 Need of the Study 4 1.1.3 Issues 1.1.4 Case of Ludhiana City 4 1.1.5 Opportunities and potentials 4 1.2 Aim and Objectives 5 1.3 Scope Of The Study 5 1.4 Limitations 5 1.5 Methodology 5 1.5.1 Literature review 5 1.5.2 Collection, Compilation and analysis of secondary and primary data 6 1.5.3 Proposals and strategies 6 1.5.4 Methodology 7 2.1 MULLA MUTHA River, Pune 9 2.1.1 Introduction 9 2.1.2 Strategies to Improve the Mula Mutha River 11 2.2 Musi river, Hyderabad 11 2.2.1 Treatments 11 2.2.2 Problems of Musi River 12 2.2.3 Development Strategies for Musi River 13 2.2.4 Inferences from the Musi river case study 13 2.3 Seoul, Korea (Restoration Project) 14 2.3.1. Problems of Seoul River 14 2.3.2 Need 15 2.3.3 Inferences from the Seoul, Korea case study 15 2.4 Singapore river case study 15 2.4.1 Issues 15 2.4.2 Proposals 16 2.4.3 Inferences from the Singapore Case study 16 2.5 Hathmati River, Himmatnagar case study 16 2.5.1 ISSUES INVOLVED WITH THE RIVER 17 2.5.2 Proposals for cleaning of the river 17 2.5.3 Inferences for the Hathmati River 18 2.6 Why There Is Need to Conserve the Water Streams 2.7 Reuse Schemes 18 2.7.1 Recycle and reuse of waste water in Australia 18 2.7.2 Reuse of Waste in Florida 18 2.7.3 Water and Waste Water Reuse In Japan 18 2.8 THEORIES AND PRINCIPLES 18 2.8.1 Four Generation for the Development of Water Front Development 20 2.8.2 Role of These Water Channels 20 2.8.3 Relationship between Water and People 21 2.8.4 Water Fronts in India 21 2.8.5 Roles of Water Front in Cities 22 2.8. 6 New Role of the Water Front as A Place for People 22 2.8. 7 Unique Characteristics of Water Fronts 23 3.1 City Level Analysis of Ludhiana 25 3.1.1 Location of Ludhiana City 25 3.1.2 Connectivity 25 3.1.3 Topography of the Ludhiana 26 3.1.4 Climate 28 3.1.5 Evolution of city and Buddha Nullah 28 3.1.6 Demographic Profile of Ludhiana 30 3.2 Ludhiana City and Natural Water Bodies 34 3.2.1 Solid waste of Ludhiana 36 3.2.2 STP, CETP, Effluent Treatment Plant of Ludhiana 39 Prescribed Limits 42 3.3 Industries 43 3.4 Pollution status 45 4. Characterstics Of Site 50 4.1 Analysis And Zoning 51 4.1.1 3 Zones Have Been Made 51 4.1.2 Zone 1 Includes Residential Area 52 4.1.3 Zone 2 Includes Old City Area and Notified and Un-notified Slums along the Nullah 59 4.1.4 Zone 3 Includes Industrial Area (Maximum Electroplating And Dying Industries) Along The Tajpur Road. 64 4.2 DEWATS System For Sewage And Waste Water Handling. 72 4.3 Total value of treated wastewater 74 4.4 Stakeholders Discussions 74 4.4.1 Balbir Singh Seechewal 74 4.4.2 Punjab Pollution Control Board, District industries center, Ludhiana 75 4.4.3 Municipal Corporation 77 4.4.4 Guru Nanak Dev University 78 4.4.5 Water Supply and Sewerage Board 78 4.4.6 Remote Sensing Department/ Punjab Agriculture University 79 5.1 Findings And Recommendationds 83 5.2 Local Level Measures(Conservation Stategies for Rejuvenating of the Buddha Nullah ) 83 5.3 Stakeholder Strategies to improve the Nullah 85 Guidelines For The Handling Of The Nullah 87 5.5 Buddha Nullaha Rejuvenation Going To Transform The Image Of Ludhiana 87 Conclusion 88 Annexure 90 Questionnaire 98