CONTENTS 1 Background Study 2 1.1 Riverfront Development in Global Context 2 1.2 Riverfront Development in India Context 2 1.2.1 Social Exclusion 3 1.2.2 Impoverishment 4 1.3 Need for the study 4 2 Literature Review 7 2.1 Urbanizing Rivers 7 2.2 Social Inclusion 7 2.3 Displacement Induced Development 8 2.4 Right to the city 11 2.5 Community Participation 11 2.6 Impoverishment Risk and Reconstruction Model 12 2.7 ECOSOC Convention 12 2.7.1 Shelter for All 13 2.7.2 Economic Development 13 2.7.3 Quality of life 13 2.7.4 Safe Environment 13 2.8 Case Studies 14 2.8.1 Singapore Waterfront Development Project, Singapore 14 2.8.2 Sabarmati Riverfront Development Project, Ahmedabad 17 2.9 Summary 20 3 Methodology 23 3.1 Research Questions 23 3.2 Aim 23 3.3 Objectives 23 3.4 Scope 23 3.5 Limitations 23 3.6 Methodology 24 3.6.1 Survey Form 25 3.6.2 Indicators for conducting household survey: 26 3.6.3 Qualitative Analysis 26 3.6.4 Sampling: 27 3.6.5 Operationalising the Questionnaire: 28 4 Overview of Lucknow 30 4.1 Location 30 4.2 Topography 30 4.3 Regional Setting & Connectivity 31 4.4 Temperature 31 4.5 Rainfall 32 4.6 Origin and Growth of the City 32 4.7 SOCIAL AND DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE 34 4.7.1 City Population 34 4.7.2 Slum Population 34 4.7.3 Economy 35 4.7.4 Real Estate in Lucknow 36 4.8 The River Gomti 36 5 Understanding chronological development of GRDP and Slum Eviction 40 5.1 Locale of Research 40 5.2 Slum Displacement 42 5.3 Slum Demographic along the river 42 5.4 History of Gomti Riverfront Project 43 5.4.1 Gomti Action Plan –Phase I 43 5.4.2 Gomti Action Plan –Phase II 44 5.4.3 Jnnurm 45 5.4.4 Gomti River front Project 45 5.4.5 Social and Cultural Activities along the River Side 50 5.5 Eviction Process 51 5.6 Relocated sites 54 6 Understanding the implication on life of affected slum dwellers 57 6.1 BSUP Site : Vasant Kunj 57 6.1.1 Eligibility Criteria 57 6.1.2 Dwelling unit cost 57 6.1.3 Allotment Procedure 58 6.1.4 Housing Quality 58 6.1.5 Access to Basic Services 58 6.1.6 Conclusion 61 6.1.7 Economic Development 61 6.1.8 Quality of life 66 6.1.9 Safe environment 67 6.1.10 Social Disarticulation 68 6.2 Manyawar Shri Kanshiramji Shahri Garib Awas Yojana (MSKSGAY) : Para 69 6.2.1 Eligibility Criteria 69 6.2.2 Dwelling unit cost 69 6.2.3 Allotment Procedure 70 6.2.4 Housing Quality 70 6.2.5 Access to Basic Services 70 6.2.6 Site services 71 6.2.7 Economic Development 72 6.2.8 Household Economics: Income and Expenditure 75 6.2.9 Quality of life 76 6.2.10 Safe environment 78 6.2.11 Social Disarticulation 78 6.3 Demolished Site: Daliganj 80 6.3.1 Services 80 6.4 Comparative Study 83 6.4.1 Comparison on basis of ECOSOC Indicator 83 6.4.2 Satisfaction level after relocation 84 6.5 Key Findings 86 7 Conclusions & Recommendations 88 7.1 Conclusion 88 7.2 Recommendations 90 7.3 Future Scope 92 Annexure I 93 Annexure II 98 Annexure III 99 Bibliography 100