CONTENTS 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Rationale And Justification 3 1.3 Research Objective 5 1.4 Research Questions 5 1.5 Scope And Limitations 6 1.6 Conceptual Framework 7 1.7 Research Design 7 1.8 Research Matrix 9 2 Literature Review 11 2.1 Introduction 11 2.2 Urban Transportation 11 2.3 Vehicular Growth 14 2.4 Public Transportation 15 2.5 Auto Fuel Quality Improvements In India 19 2.6 Emission Calculation Methods 20 2.7 Chapter Summary 26 3 Transport Profile – Ahmedabad 27 3.1 Introduction 27 3.2 Demographic Characteristic 27 3.3 Socio-Economic Characteristic 29 3.4 Travel Characteristic 30 3.5 Public Transport In Ahmedabad 31 3.6 Brts : Ahmedabad 33 3.7 Chapter Summary 35 4 Methodology For Calculating Vehicular Emission 36 4.1 Detailed Methodology 36 5 Data Analysis 43 5.1 Socio-Economic Characteristic 43 5.2 Travel Characteristic 46 6 Emission Calculation 49 6.1 Data Required Prior To Calculation 49 6.2 Calculation Of Co2, Nox & Pm2.5 51 6.3 Comparing Emissions Of Two Scenario 54 6.4 Comparing Emissions Due To Policy & Design Intervention . 56 7 Conclusion And Recommendation 60 7.1 Conclusion 60