Contents 1.Introduction 1 1.1 Aim 1 1.2 Brief background 1 1.3 Rationale/Justification 2 1.4 Summary of Key Literature Review 2 1.5 Key Research Question(s) 3 1.6 Main and Specific Research Objectives 3 1.7 Methodology 3 1.8 Scope and Limitation 4 2. Energy generation: Past trend & Future scenario 5 2.1 History 5 2.2 Future Scenario 9 2.3 Need and application of study 10 3. Coal Based Thermal Power Plant 13 3.1 Working of Thermal Power Plant 13 3.2 Impact of thermal power plant 14 3.2.1 Environmental impacts of power plants 14 3.2.2 Global warming concerns 14 3.2.3 Impact on Air 15 3.2.4 Impact on Water 16 3.2.5 Fly ash Generation and Utilization 18 4. Methodology 19 4.1 Explanation of Methodology: 19 4.1.1 Literature Review 19 4.1.2 Selection of Thermal Power Plants 21 4.1.3 Data Identification, Industrial Visits & Data Collection. 24 4.1.4 Data Analysis 27 4.1. 5 Inferences. 28 5. Results and Findings 29 5.1 Energy: 29 5.1.1 Electricity Generation 29 5.1.2 Auxiliary consumption 31 5.1.3 Coal consumption 33 5.2 Environment: 36 5.2.1 Water: 36 5.2.2 Solid waste management: 40 5.2.3 Air Monitoring 46 6. Discussion 54 6.1 Key findings: 54 6.2 Environmental improvement measures taken by selected thermal power plants. 56 6.2.1 Ghandhinagar Thermal Power Plant 56 6.2.2 Adani Thermal Power Plant 56 6.2.3 Sikka Thermal Power Plant 57 6.3 Findings from supported Literature 57 6.4 Way forward 58 7. Proposed general Strategies 59 7.1 Energy Conservation: 59 7.2 Environmental Improvement measures: 59 7.2.1 Water conservation measures in Thermal Power Plants 59 7.2.2 Air Pollution Control Measures for Air Quality improvement 62 7.2.3 Solid wastes management improvement 65 8. Recommendation for energy & environmental improvement measures 67 8.1Recommendation for Ghandhinagar thermal power plant 67 8.2 Recommendation for Adani thermal power plant 67 8.3 Recommendation for Sikka thermal power plant 68 9. Conclusion: 69