Table of contents Executive summary xv The need: xv Research question and objective: xvi Scope & limitation: xvi Literature review: xvii Case studies: xvii Study area: xviii Conclusion and suggestions: xix Chapter 1: introduction 20 1.1 background 20 1.2 need for mass transit system 20 1.3 research proposal 22 1.3.1 research question 22 1.3.2 research objectives 22 1.4 scope & limitation 23 1.4.1 scope 23 1.4.2 limitation 23 1.5 research overview 23 1.6 research methodology 25 1.7 research approach & stages 25 1.7.1 research design 26 1.7.2 approach to analysis 26 Chapter 2: literature review 28 2.1 introduction 28 2.2 space and its elements 28 2.2.1 access and communication 28 2.2.2 needs and priorities 31 2.2.3 recreational and convenience facilities 32 2.2.4 elements 37 2.2.5 place making 39 2.2.6 relationship between space, its elements and transit stations 39 2.2.7 conclusion 39 2.3 overlay zoning 40 2.3.1 types of overlay districts 41 2.3.2 potential uses 42 2.3.3 development guidance 42 2.3.4 implementation 42 2.3.5 administration 42 2.4 transit overlay district 44 2.4.1 transit-oriented development 44 2.4.2 transit-oriented development overlay district 44 2.5 development control regulation (dcr) 46 2.5.1 current role of dcr on spaces around transit terminals 48 2.6 station area planning guidelines 49 2.6.1 element of station area plans 49 2.6.2 goal of station area planning 50 2.6.3 typical process of station area planning 51 2.6.4 transit station area development guidelines 51 2.7 principles 52 2.8 conclusions 53 Chapter 3: case studies 55 3.1 introduction 55 3.2 city of vancouver 55 3.2.1 development regulations 60 3.2.2 development regulations for transit overlay district 63 3.2.3 findings 67 3.3 singapore 68 3.3.1 guidelines 68 3.3.2 development control parameters 69 3.3.3 findings 76 3.4 city of phoenix 77 3.4.1 tod standards 79 3.4.2 findings 83 3.5 conclusions from all case studies 83 Chapter 4: about study area 85 4.1 introduction 85 4.2 study area: ashram road 85 4.3 proposed development in ashram road 87 4.3.1 proposed cbd 87 4.3.2 proposed metro corridor 89 4.3.3 sabarmati riverfront development 89 4.4 existing situation of ashram road 92 4.4.1 building heights 92 Source: author 92 4.4.2 built-open ratios 94 4.4.3 existing land use 96 4.4.4 block sizes and perimeter 97 4.5 conclusions 98 Chapter 5: recommendations 100 5.1 building lines 100 5.1.1 setbacks 100 5.1.2 service road 104 5.1.3 other services 104 5.2 building frontage 104 5.3 building orientation 104 5.4 pedestrian access 105 5.5 blank walls 106 5.6 landscaping 108 5.6.1 green buffer 108 5.6.2 tree spacing 108 5.6.3 landscaping structures 108 5.7 parking 109 5.8 public spaces 109 5.8.1 outdoor kiosks & refreshment areas 109 5.9 advertisements & hoardings 111 5.10 lighting 111 Chapter 6: bibliography 112