CONTENTS • undertaking • disclaimer • certificate • acknowledgments List of figures List of tables List of abbreviations Executive summary: 10 Structure of the report: 18 Chapter 1: introduction 23 Background of the study: 24 Rationale of the study: 25 Aim of the study 26 Research questions 26 Objectives of the study: 26 Scope and limitations: 26 Ethics: 27 Methodology: 27 Sample selection: 29 Chapter2: 36 Urbanization and housing scenario and affordable housing market 36 Urban poverty: 37 Nature and significance of housing: 37 Urbanization trends in south asia and housing finance markets 39 Housing shortage in south asia : 40 Urbanisation and housing shortage in india: 41 Growing urbanization in india 42 State of housing in india: 44 Urban housing shortage is 45 Affordable housing definition: 48 Urban income pyramid and most underserved: 52 Market size of affordable housing finance (urban) 53 Issues in the development of affordable housing 53 Lengthy approval and land use conversion process, 55 Lack of property market to facilitate the functioning of a housing finance system. 56 Micro housing finance & micro mortgages 56 Micro housing, major boost: 58 Chapter 3: 63 Housing finance models by various institutions 63 Chapter 3: 64 Housing finance models by various institutions 64 Supply side major categories of housing: 66 Housing finance institutions in india: 68 Structure of housing finance in india: 69 Low mortgage/gdp, improving demographics to aid higher penetration 70 Policy of housing finance: 72 Evolution and role of national housing bank (nhb): 72 Government initiative and future of housing in india. 75 To promote the housing finance industry in india government of india have taken many initiatives since 1970 76 Housing microfinance 79 Microfinance and housing finance indian scenario: 81 Housing microfinance program of national housing bank 82 Chapter 3: 84 Housing finance models by various institutions 84 Chapter 3 epilogue: 88 Chapter 4 92 Literature review 92 Small man first: successful or not? 93 Case studies of housing finance institutions and systems: 95 General situation and housing conditions: 96 Innovations in pro-poor housing finance: 105 Chapter 5 : 108 Cases study and comparative analysis 108 Case study 1: sewa grih rin: 110 Case study 2 gruh: 115 Case study 3: mhfc 116 Case study 2 dhfl-aadhar: 119 Affordable housing builders: 123 Role of ngo : saath in ahmedabad 125 How does saath relate to dbs , what does it do and how does it do: 127 Terms and parameters used in comparison of primary data are described here. 129 Chapter 6: 133 Analysis, conclusions and recommendations: 133 Financial summary- earnings on each customer: 139 Outstanding issues and conclusion. 141 Recommendations: 143 Bibliography: 145