CONTENTS Certificate i Disclaimer ii Undertaking iii Acknowledgement iv Executive summary v Abbreviations xix Chapter 1 - introduction 20 1.1 brief background 20 1.2 research question 23 1.3 aim 24 1.4 objectives 24 1.5 scope 24 1.6 limitation 24 1.7. Research methodology 25 1.7.1. Methods used at different stages of work 25 1.8. Chapter scheme 27 Chapter 2 – importance of source limits in per capita water supply benchmark 29 2.1. Introduction 29 2.2. Brief background 29 2.3. Norm according to various organizations in india 30 2.3.1. Zakaria committee report, 1963 30 2.3.2. Other agencies 33 2.3.3. Central public health and environmental engineering organization (cpheeo) manual for water supply, 1999 34 2.3.4. Service level benchmarks (slb), 2008 35 2.4. Review of norms suggested by various organizations 36 2.5. Factors affecting the norms and standards 37 2.5.1. Demand side factors 37 2.5.2. Supply side factors 37 2.6. Water availability and distribution 38 2.6.1. Temporal variation 38 2.6.2. Spatial variation 38 2.6.1. Water availability and distribution in india 41 2.7. Conclusion 41 Chapter 3 - introduction to the study area 43 3.1. Introduction 43 3.2. About the city 43 3.3. Physical profile 43 3.3.1. Climate 43 3.3.2. Physiography 44 3.4. City profile 44 3.4.1. Land use 45 3.4.2. Demographic profile 45 3.5. Growth and expansion of the city 46 3.6. Economic profile 47 3.7. Conclusion 48 Chapter 4 – water supply scenario in junagadh 49 4.1. Introduction 49 4.2. Sources of water 49 4.3. Water abstracted 50 4.3.1. Quantity 50 4.4. Storage and distribution 51 4.5. Water supply 52 4.5.1. Coverage 52 4.5.2. Water demand and supply 57 4.5.3. Per capita supply 71 4.6. Water losses 82 4.6.1. Real losses 82 4.6.2. Non-revenue water 82 4.7. Budget 83 4.8. Issues and challenges 85 Chapter 5 - maximum achievable per capita supply 87 5.1. Introduction 87 5.2. Surface water availability 87 5.2.1. Water availability in hasnapur dam 87 5.2.2. Water availability in willingdon dam 88 5.2.3. Water availability in anandpur weir 88 5.2.4. Total water availability 89 5.3. Maximum per capita supply potential in junagadh city, 2013 89 5.4. Conclusion 94 Chapter 6: conclusion 95 6.1. Is source a limit? 95 6.2. Relevance of the study 97 Bibliography 98 Annexure i 101 Annexure ii 103 Annexure iii 104 Annexure iv 106 Annexure iv 109