Chapter 1 1 Understanding water supply institutions 1 1.1 understanding the nature of water 2 1.2 Water institutions – focus of study 3 1.3 Defining water institutions 5 1.4 Objective of understanding water institution 6 1.5 Need for understanding the institution 7 Chapter 2 8 WATER SUPPLY AND THE INSTITUTIONS IN INDIA 8 2.1 WATER SUPPLY INSTITUTIONS UNDER THE FIVE-YEAR PLANS 2 2.2 Summarising service delivery models 5 2.3 Influence of donor agencies on water supply 7 2.4 Ideal institutional structure in india – water supply 9 2.5 Management in Water Supply 10 2.6 Reforms in water institutions/organizations 12 Legal and Political Aspects of Institutional Reforms 13 Efficiency Aspect of Institutional Reforms 14 Institutional Reforms due to External Aspects 15 Chapter 3 17 institutional framework for water sector 17 key learning from related case studies 17 3.1 Case Study 1: INECO Project 18 3.1.1 Key Learnings 20 3.2 Case study 2: institutional framework – world health organization 20 3.3 NEW PUBLIC MANAGEMENT 24 3.3.1 New pubic management in india - STRATEGIES adopted 25 3.3.2 Principle of subsidiarity and scale of the institution 27 3.4 Advisory note on improving uwss in india 27 3.5 Aspects to be considered for developing an institutional framework 28 Chapter 4 31 Framework for understanding water institution 31 4.1 Inter-linkages – The defining structure 34 4.3 Building the framework for drinking water supply – Measuring its characteristic 37 4.3.1 Water law 37 4.3.2 Water policy 39 4.3.3 Water organizations 39 4.4 Way forward – applying the framework 44 Chapter 5 48 Studying the water institutions in india 48 The case of Gujarat state and TamilNadu state drinking water supply 48 5.1 Gujarat State Drinking Water Supply Institutions 51 Performance of Gujarat state urban drinking water supply 51 5.1.1 Step 1: Identifying the major stakeholders in drinking water sector 52 5.1.2 Functions of the organization and their linkages 54 5.1.3 understanding the characteristics of the organizations 55 Water Laws 55 Gujarat State Water Policy 57 Drinking Water Supply Organizations 58 c | P a g e 5.2 TamilNadu State Drinking Water Supply Institutions 61 Performance of TN state urban drinking water supply 62 5.2.1 Step 1: Identifying the major stakeholders in drinking water sector 63 5.2.2 Functions of the organization and their linkages 64 5.2.3 understanding the characteristics of the organizations - TN 66 Water Laws in TamilNadu 66 TamilNadu State Water Policy 67 Drinking Water Supply Organizations in TamilNadu 68 Learning from TamilNadu water institution 70 5.3 Conclusion - Gaps in the institutional structure 70 ANNEXURE 73 ANNEXURE 4.1: Water Law – questionnaire v ANNEXURE 4.2: Water Policy – Questionnaire v Bibliography ix