Contents: CHAPTER 1- FORMULATING THE RESEARCH 20 1.1 Background 20 1.1.1 Public Bicycle Sharing Program (PBS) 20 1.2 Need of Study/Rationale 21 1.3 Main Research Questions 21 1.4 Main Objectives 22 1.5 Sub Objectives 22 1.6 Limitations 23 1.7 Methodology 23 CHAPTER 2- LITERATURE REVIEW 25 2.1 Sustainable Transportation 25 2.2 Public Bicycle Sharing Scheme (P.B.S) 26 2.3 Role and Benefits of Public Bicycle Sharing System 27 2.3.1 Role of the PBS in Urban Transport System 27 2.3.2 Benefits of PBS 29 2.4 Objective of PBS 30 2.5 History of Public bicycle Sharing System 33 2.5.1 1st Generation or Free Bike Bicycle Sharing Program 34 2.5.2 2nd Generation or Coin Access Bicycles Sharing Program 34 2.5.3 3rd Generation Paid & Smart Card Bicycle Sharing Program 34 2.5.4 3rd+ Real Time availability & GPS Tracking Sharing Program 35 2.6 Models of Bicycle Programs & Bicycle Sharing System 36 2.6.1 Bike Rental Programs 36 2.6.2 Private Bicycle Programs Bike Fleet 37 2.6.3 Public Bicycle Program Bike-Sharing 37 2.7 Components of the Public Bicycle Sharing System 41 2.7.1 Bicycles 41 2.7.2 Technical Platform 43 2.7.3 Stations 43 2.7.4 Terminal 44 2.7.5 Docking Points 45 2.8 Related Operations of the PBS: 46 2.8.1 Branding and Marketing 46 2.8.2 Assembly and Deployment 46 2.8.3 Bicycle Redistribution 47 2.8.4 Bicycle and Station Maintenance 48 2.8.5 Member Service 49 2.9 Bicycling In India 49 2.9.1 Bicycling in Indian Context 49 2.9.2 Bicycle Users In India 50 2.10 Policy Promoting Sustainable Transport in India 52 2.10.1 National Urban Transport Policy (NUTP) 52 2.10.2 Major Highlights Of National Urban Transport Policy (NUTP) 53 2.11 Bicycle Rental Scenarios in India 55 2.11.1 Formal Rental Schemes: 55 2.11.2 Informal Rental Schemes (eg. Bicycle Renting Shops at Jaipur) 56 2.12 Difference between Cycle Rental and Cycle Sharing 56 CHAPTER 3- STUDY AREA AND DESCRIPTION 58 CHAPTER 4- DATA ANALYSIS & INFERENCES 60 4.1 Formal Public Bicycle Sharing Schemes: 62 4.1.1 ATCAG (PBS at Bangalore) 62 4.1.2 Namma Cycles (PBS at IISc, Bangalore) 72 4.2 Formal Bicycle Rental Schemes: 81 4.2.1 Rent-a-bicycle scheme by DMRC, at Vishvidhyala Metro Station New Delhi. 81 4.2.2 GreenBike by DIMTS, along the BRTS corridor, New Delhi. 86 4.3 Informal Bicycle Rental Scheme 92 4.3.1 Shops by Jaipur taxi cycle owners association. 92 4.4 User Perspective of the Public Bicycle Sharing Scheme 100 4.5 Non-User Perspective of the PBS 107 4.6 SWOT analysis for implementing Public Bike Sharing Schemes in India 113 CHAPTER 5- CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATIONS 114 5.1 Some identified challenges regarding the successful implementation of PBS: 114 5.2 Some identified issues regarding the successful implementation of PBS 119 5.2.1 Macro Level Issues 119 5.2.2 Micro Level Issues 120 5.2.3 User Level 121 5.3 Recommendations 122 5.3.1 Clear Objectives 122 5.3.2 Market Segment 122 5.3.3 Political Advocacy 122 5.3.4 Business Model 123 5.3.5 Pricing Strategy 124 5.3.6 Revenue Sources 124 5.3.7 Bicycling System 124 5.3.8 Pilot Projects and Coverage 125 5.3.9 Capital Investment and Financing 126 5.3.10 Integration with Public Transport Systems 127 5.3.11 Integration with City-Level Institutions 128 5.3.12 Marketing and Branding 129