Thesis contents Executive Summery IV Figures and Tables 1 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY 6 1.1 Background 6 1.2 Need of Study/Rationale 7 1.3 Research Questions 8 1.4 Aim and objective 8 1.5 Methodology 9 1.6 Scope 12 1.7 Limitations 12 CHAPTER 2- LITERATURE REVIEW 13 2.1 Concept and Definition 13 2.2 The impact of access to safe drinking water 13 2.3 The impact of unsafe drinking water (Health and Education) 14 2.4 Drivers lead to water scarcity 15 2.5 water and poverty- issues of vulnerability and sustainability 15 2.6 The multiple dimensions of water 18 2.7 Water scarcities and security in India 19 2.8 Drinking Water Quality: A Major Concern in Rural India 23 2.9 Water governance case study of Pani Panchayat in Maharashtra 24 2.10 Drinking water supply-causes and remedies (A case of Karnataka) 24 2.11 Water scenario in Gujarat 25 2.11.1 Water and Social structure 26 2.11.2 Women and Water 26 2.11.3 Women, Water and Basic Needs 27 2.11.4 Inadequate Water Supply 28 2.11.5 Poor Quality of Water Supply 28 2.11.6 WHO Norms for Safe Drinking Water 29 2.12 News and content emerging issues 30 2.13 Learning?s from the literature 31 CHAPTER 3 STUDY AREA AND DESCRIPTION 32 3.1 Introduction to study area 32 3.1.1 Nature of soil 32 3.1.2 Rivers, Ponds and Irrigation Schemes 32 3.1.3 Climate and rainfall 32 3.1.4 Demographic Profile of the District 32 3.2 Socio-economic profile of the Region 34 3.2.1 Population of the Lalpur block 34 3.2.2 Status of Health in the Block 35 3.2.3 Education 36 3.3 Nature of water supply emerging issues and challenges 39 3.3.1 Status of WASMO in the Lalpur Taluka 39 3.3.2 Status of Narmada pipeline in the block 41 CHAPTER 4 DATA ANALYSIS AND INFERENCES 43 4.1 Demographic Characteristics Selected Village 43 4.1.1 Population 43 4.1.2 Village Level Infrastructure for Water Supply 43 4.2 SAMPLE SELECTION 46 4.2.1 Household wise Sample Distribution 46 4.2.2 Caste wise Sample Distribution 47 4.2.3 Occupation Pattern 48 4.2.4 Income Classification 48 4.3 Nature of Domestic Water Supply 49 4.3.1 Permanent Sources of Domestic Water Supply 49 4.3.2 Alternative sources of drinking water supply 50 4.3.3 Water Accessibility User Perception 51 4.3.4 Water Consumption at Household Level 52 4.3.5 Water quality User Perception 53 4.3.6 Water Scarcity and Women 53 4.4 Issues and challenges 56 4.4.1 Poor Management and Conservation of Water Source 56 4.4.2 Poor Quality of Water and Health Issues 57 4.4.3 Unequal and Poor Accessibility of water supply to the Marginal 58 4.5 Major Findings 59 CHAPTER 5. Summing up & Recommendation 60 5.1 Summing up 60 5.2 Recommendations 61 Bibliography 62