CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTCONTENTS LIST OF TABLES LIST OF MAPS ABREVIATIONS EXECUTIVE SUMMERY 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Need for the study 3 1.3 Key definitions of slum 4 2 AIM & OBJECTIVES, METHODOLOGY AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY 5 2.1 Aim 5 2.2 Objectives 5 2.3 Scope of the study 5 2.4 Limitations of the study 5 2.4 Methodology 5 2.5 Analytical framework 5 3 LITERATURE REVIEW 9 3.1 Source concerned with the Study Problem 9 3.2 Models related to the study 9 3.3 Theoretical framework of the study 10 3.4 Research questions11 4 NAGAON CITY AND SLUM PROFILES 12 4.1 Historical development of Nagaon 12 4.2 Physical characteristics12 4.3 Topography 13 4.4 Climate 13 4.5 Transportation linkage 13 4.6 Land resource and land use 14 4.7 Land classification 14 4.8 Demographic Profile 15 4.8.1 Trend of population growth in Nagaon 15 4.8.2 Sex ratio 16 4.8.3 Density of population 16 4.9 Health facilities 17 4.10 Education facilities 17 4.11 Urban infrastructure 19 4.11.1 Water supply 19 4.11.2 Sewerage system 19 4.11.3 Drainage system 20 4.11.4 Garbage disposal system 20 4.11.5 Housing situation 20 4.11.6 Housing stock in Nagaon 20 4.12 Trend of urbanisation in Assam and Nagaon 22 4.13) Trend of population growth in Nagaon 23 4.14 Slum in Nagaon city 24 4.14.1 Growth of slums in Nagaon city 24 4.14.2 Zone wise distribution of slum in Nagaon 24 4.14.3 Land ownership of slum pockets 28 4.14.4 Slum typology 29 4.15 Slum profile of the study area 31-46 5 REVIEWS OF DIFFERENT SLUM IMPROVEMENT PROGRAMME 47 5.1 Review of slum improvement programs implemented in Assam 48 5.2 Slum improvement programmes in Nagaon 49 5.2.1 Environmental Improvement of Urban Slum (EIUS) 50 5.2.2 National Slum Development Program (NSDP) 51 5.2.3 National Slum Development Program (NSDP) in Nagaon 51 5.2.4 Swarna Jayanti Sahari Rojgar Yojana (SJSRY) 54 5.2.5 Swarna Jayanti Sahari Rojgar Yojana (SJSRY) in Nagaon 55 5.2.6 Integrated Housing & Slum Development Programme (IHSDP) 56 5.2.7 Integrated Housing & Slum Dev. Program (IHSDP) in Nagaon 58 5.2.8 Implementation of the IHSDP Project and Physical Progress 59 5.3 Findings of major problems of the slum improvement program 60 5.3.1 Lack of coordination among the organisations 61 5.3.2 Insufficient of staff 61 5.3.3 Lack of involvement of community participation 61 5.3.4 Ignorance about the programs 61 5.3.5 Working inefficient knowledge of the CBOs 62 5.3.6 Shortage of municipality fund 62 5.3.7 Allocation of fund 62 5.3.8 Source of revenue 63 5.3.9 Utilisation of fund 63 5.3.10 Participation of NGOs 63 5.3.11 Institutional constraints 64 5.3.12 Political constraints 64 5.3.13 Allocation of works to inefficient contractors 64 5.3.14 Paucity of sufficient land 64 5.4 Conclusion 64 6 ANALYSIS OF DATA AS PER SURVEY RECORDS 65 6.1 Housing situation 65 6.2 Water supply 68 6.3 Sanitation 69 6.4 Drainage system 70 6.5 Solid waste management system 72 6.6 Road condition 72 6.7 Monthly household income 72 6.8 Occupation structure 72 6.9 Major findings 73 7 RECOMMENDATIONS OF SLUM DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES 76-89