CONTENTS List of Figures 2 Executive Summary 3 1 Introduction 9 1.1 Definition of Problem 10 1.2 Need for the Study 11 1.3 Research Framework 12 2 Urban Poverty - An Insight 13 2.1 Understanding Poverty 14 2.1.1 Multidimensionality of Poverty 14 2.1.2 Explanations for Poverty 16 2.2 Poverty Estimates in India 18 2.2.1. Poverty Indicators 19 2.3 Critiques of the Rural BPL Process and Results 19 2.4 Urban Poverty 24 2.4.1 Urban poverty and problems 26 2.4.2 Reducing urban poverty without economic growth 27 2.4.3 Urban Poverty Alleviation Programmes 28 2.5 Chronic Poverty & Social Protection 30 2.6 Vulnerability to Poverty 31 2.7 India Urban Poverty Report 2009 32 3 Recent Surveys in National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi 36 3.1 Slums in Delhi 37 3.2 Mission Convergence 40 3.3 Mission Methodology, Methods & Sample Selection 42 3.4 Lessons Learnt 46 4 Research Design, Methods & Sample Selection 48 4.1 Preliminary Study 49 4.2 Case Study 50 4.3 Background household related information 53 5 Survey Results and Analysis 56 6 Conclusions, Findings & Recommendations 62 Annexures 66 Bibliography 70