CONTENTSList of Table 3 List of Figures 4 List of Maps 5 Acronyms 6 1 Background 7 1.1 Introduction - Considering Parking 7 1.2 Parking as a Concern 9 1.2.1 Problem identification 10 1.2.2 Externalities due to parking 13 1.2.3 Summary: Need of concern towards parking 16 1.3 Research Proposal 18 1.3.1 Research Components 18 1.3.2 Research Methodology 19 1.3.3 Scope and Limitation 20 2 Discussing Parking Approaches 22 2.1 Conventional Parking- Supply Centric Approach 22 2.2 Demand Management Policy 25 2.3 Market Oriented Approach 29 2.4 Market Based Approach for South Mumbai. 35 3 South Mumbai- A Critical Case 37 3.1 City Transformation 37 3.2 Economic Hub 38 3.3 Transportation issues 40 4 Existing Parking Policy 45 4.1 DCR for off-street parking supply 45 4.1.1 DCR 36 48 4.1.2 DCR 68 48 4.1.3 DCR 33(24) 49 4.1.4 Other DCR norms 49 4.2 On- Street Pay and Park Policy. 50 5 Relating Market Based Approach for Nariman Point case. 53 5.1 Nariman Point- CBD of Island city 53 5.2 Delineation of area under consideration 56 5.3 Observations 58 5.4 Analysis 59 5.5 Inferences 62 6 Understanding other Parking Practices in South Mumbai 68 6.1 Case 1] Mixed Use Development near Kemps Corner Area- Lack of parking supply. 70 6.2 Case 2] Public Parking Scheme- Over supply of parking 73 6.3 Case 3] On- Street Parking near Crawford Market Area- Need management. 76 7 Summary 78 7.1 Comparative analysis of all cases 78 7.2 Summarizing Parking issues in current policy norms 80 7.2.1 Minimum Parking Requirements 80 7.2.2 Bundled Parking Space. 81 7.2.3 Free or Underpriced Parking 81 7.2.4 Conflicts between On-street and Off-street Parking 82 7.2.5 Commuter's Concern 83 7.3 Beyond Market Based Approach 83 8 Recommendations 85 8.1 Government's approach at National level 85 8.1.1 EPCA: 85 8.1.2 JNNURM: 85 8.1.3 NUTP: 85 8.2 Application of Market Based Approach 86 8.3 Policy level recommendations 88 8.3.1 Short term strategies 88 8.3.2 Long term strategies 89 References 91