CONTENTS1. Introduction 4 1.1. Aims and objectives 6 1.1.1. Aim 6 1.1.2. Objectives 6 1.1.3. Sub- objectives 6 1.2. Research questions 7 1.3. Scope 7 1.4. Methodology 8 2. The phenomena of Capital Cities 10 2.1. Introduction 10 2.2. Types of Capital 11 2.3. Role of Capital Cities 12 2.3.1. Political role 12 2.3.2. Economic Role 13 2.3.3. Cultural and symbolic role 14 2.4. Relocation of Capitals across the world 14 2.5. City building in India 15 2.6. Capital cities in India and their issues 17 3. Capital City & the Asian Experience 20 3.1. Islamabad 20 3.1.1. Introduction 20 3.1.2. Choice of Site and Political Scenario 21 3.1.3. Selection of the architect 22 3.1.4. The Master Plan of Islamabad 22 3.1.5. The City of Rawalpindi 27 3.1.6. The National Park 28 3.1.7. The Success of the Islamabad Plan 28 3.1.8. Learning's from the Islamabad Plan 29 3.2. Putrajaya 31 3.2.1. Introduction 31 3.2.2. Choice of Site 32 3.2.3. The Master Plan 33 3.2.4. Growth of the city 37 3.2.5. Leanings from the Putrajaya plan 37 4. Bhubaneshwar - Temple Town and Capital City 40 4.1. Introduction 40 4.2. Master planner for Bhubaneshwar 41 4.3. Creation of Orissa 41 4.4. Selection of site 42 4.5. The Bhubaneshwar Master Plan 43 4.6. The temple town 48 4.7. Bhubaneshwar today 49 4.7.1. Growth of Institutions (1956 - 76) 49 4.7.2. Developments in Organized Sector (1976 Onwards) 50 4.8. Administrative structure 52 4.9. Bhubaneshwar Cuttack dynamics 52 4.10. Future growth of the city 53 4.11. Conclusions 54 5. Chandigarh Design versus Planning 57 5.1. Introduction 57 5.2. Selection of site for the city 58 5.3. Selection of architect for the city 59 5.4. Master plan of Chandigarh 61 5.5. Phasing of the plan 62 5.6. Financing and the composition of the target population 63 5.7. Land distribution mechanism and its outcome 64 5.8. Chandigarh today 65 5.8.1. Growth of Chandigarh 65 5.8.2. The poor in Chandigarh 67 5.9. Tri city system-Chandigarh, Mohali and Panchkula 68 5.10. Comparison of Chandigarh with other cities 69 5.11. Administrative structure 70 5.12. Conclusions 71 6. Gandhinagar- Administrative suburb or a Capital City 76 6.1. Introduction 76 6.2. State of Gujarat 77 6.3. Choice of site for the capital city 78 6.3.1. The dismissal of Baroda 78 6.3.2. The Ahmedabad Story 79 6.4. The choice of Architect for the capital city 81 6.5. The Plan and Architecture 81 6.6. The Master Plan 82 6.6.1. Housing 84 6.6.2. Transportation 84 6.6.3. Commercial 85 6.6.4. Industries 85 6.7. Land Allocation mechanism and its outcome 86 6.8. Administrative structure 87 6.9. Growth of Gandhinagar 88 6.10. Sector level analysis 90 6.11. Ahmedabad Gandhinagar Dynamics 93 6.12. Conclusions 94 7. Naya Raipur- The image of Chhattisgarh 97 7.1. Introduction 97 7.2. Naya Raipur Master Plan 97 7.3. Naya Raipur development Authority 99 7.4. Concept Plan 100 7.5. Residential neighburhoods 102 7.6. Conclusion 103 8. Observations and recommendations 107 8.1. Comparison of the three cities 107 8.2. Observations 113 8.3. Recommendations 114 8.3.1. Vision of the city 114 8.3.2. Site selection 114 8.3.3. The regional context 115 8.3.4. The social underpinning 116 8.3.5. The neighborhood 117 8.3.6. Phasing of development 118 8.3.7. Provision of Public Transport 119 8.3.8. Land distribution mechanism and control 119 8.3.9. Institutional framework 120 8.3.10. Public participation 120 List of References 122 Annexures 124