CONTENTS Executive Summary.. 1 Chapter 1 Introduction 1 A. Background ..- .2 B. Need Of Study ..- ..5 C. Research Question- 6 D. Aim ..- ..7 E. Objectives ..- ..7 F. Scope..- .7 G. Limitations ..- ..7 H. Research Methodology ..8 Chapter 2 - The Conceptual Framework10 A. Introduction- 11 B. Components Of An Urban Transit System.12 I) Metro System: ..- 13 Ii) Bus System: ..- .. 13 Iii) Transit Rail System:.- .. 13 Iv) Shuttle System: 14 V) Para-Transit System: .. 14 Vi) Taxi System:.- .. 14 C. Land Use And Urban Transport ..15 I) Transportation And Urban Form .. 16 Ii) The Spatial Impression Of Urban Transportation 18 Iii) Transportation And Urban Dynamics 22 Iv) Types Of Urban Movements .. 23 D. Integrated Urban Transport .24 E. Concept Of Sustainable Urban Transport ..25 F. Conclusion ..- .26 Chapter 3 Overview Of Urban Transport Scenario In India ..- .27 A. Introduction- 28 B. Urban Transport Scenario In India.28 I) Modal Split Distribution . 29 Ii) Rapid Motorization- . 30 Iii) Traffic Fatality ..- 30 Iv) Traffic Congestion- 31 C. Urban Transport Issues & Concerns .32 D. Policy Framework - Nutp35 E. Conclusion- .41 Chapter 4 Urban Transport Development Initiatives ..42 A. Introduction- 43 B. Urban Transport Initiatives ..43 I) Initiatives In The Early 1990s . 43 Ii) Initiatives In Recent Years 45 C. Nutp And Jnnurm Initiatives.46 I) National Urban Transport Policy (Nutp) Initiatives 46 Ii) Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (Jnnurm) Initiatives .. 47 D. Program (Jnnurm) And Policy (Nutp) Issues 49 I) Policy (Nutp) Issues..- 49 Ii) Program (Jnnurm) Issues 49 E. Urban Transport Scenario In Jnnurm Cities ..50 F. Conclusion ..- .56 Chapter 5 Urban Transport Scenario In Jnnurm Cities.57 I. Introduction- .58 Ii. Class I Cities ..- ..62 A. Urban Characteristics..- ..62 B. Transport Characteristics63 I) Modal Split ..- .. 63 Ii) Trip Length ..- .. 64 Iii) Trip Rate ..- 65 Iv) Supply Of Private Vehicles .. 66 V) Accident Rate- .. 67 Iii. Class Ii Cities ..- 68 A. Urban Characteristics..- ..68 B. Transport Characteristics69 I) Modal Split ..- .. 69 Ii) Trip Length ..- .. 70 Iii) Trip Rate ..- 71 Iv) Supply Of Private Vehicles .. 72 V) Accident Rate- .. 73 Iv. Class Iii Cities ..- 74 A. Urban Characteristics..- ..74 B. Transport Characteristics75 I) Modal Split ..- .. 75 Ii) Trip Length ..- .. 76 Iii) Trip Rate ..- 77 Iv) Supply Of Private Vehicles .. 78 V) Accident Rate- .. 79 V. Class Iv Cities..- ..80 A. Urban Characteristics..- ..80 B. Transport Characteristics81 I) Modal Split ..- .. 81 Ii) Trip Length ..- .. 82 Iii) Trip Rate ..- 83 Iv) Supply Of Private Vehicles .. 84 V) Accident Rate- .. 84 Vi. Class V Cities ..- .86 A. Urban Characteristics..- ..86 B. Transport Characteristics87 I) Modal Split ..- .. 87 Ii) Trip Length ..- .. 87 Iii) Trip Rate ..- 87 Iv) Supply Of Private Vehicles .. 88 V) Accident Rates In Class V Cities. 88 Vii. Conclusion- 89 Chapter 6 Survey Analysis90 I. Ahmedabad- ..92 A. Existing Issues 92 I) Traffic Congestion In The City .. 92 Ii) Existing Bus System In The City 93 Iii) Parking ..- .. 94 Iv) Traffic Safety .. 95 V) Coordination Capability .. 95 Vi) Transport/ Traffic Regulations .. 96 B. Ongoing/ Planned Projects.97 I) Non-Motorised Traffic/ Pedestrian.. 98 Ii) Parking ..- .. 98 Iii) Traffic Safety 99 Iv) Road Network 100 C. Fare Standards ..1- 01 Ii. Vadodara ..- 102 A. Existing Issues ..102 I) Traffic Congestion In The City . 102 Ii) Existing Bus System In The City .. 103 Iii) Parking ..- 104 Iv) Traffic Safety 105 V) Coordination Capability 105 Vi) Transport/ Traffic Regulations . 106 B. Ongoing/ Planned Projects107 I) Non-Motorised Traffic/ Pedestrian. 108 Ii) Parking.- .. 108 Iii) Traffic Safety..- .. 109 Iv) Road Network.- .. 110 C. Fare Standards ..1- 11 Iii. Surat..- .112 A. Existing Issues ..112 I) Traffic Congestion In The City . 112 Ii) Existing Bus System In The City .. 113 Iii) Parking ..- 114 Iv) Traffic Safety 114 V) Coordination Capability 115 Vi) Transport/ Traffic Regulations . 116 B. Ongoing/ Planned Projects117 I) Non-Motorised Traffic/ Pedestrian. 118 Ii) Parking.- .. 118 Iii) Traffic Safety..- .. 119 Iv) Road Network.- .. 120 C. Fare Standards ..1- 21 Iv. Rajkot ..- 122 A. Existing Issues ..122 I) Traffic Congestion In The City . 122 Ii) Existing Bus System In The City .. 123 Iii) Parking ..- 124 Iv) Traffic Safety 124 V) Coordination Capability 125 Vi) Transport/ Traffic Regulations . 126 B. Ongoing/ Planned Projects127 I) Non-Motorised Traffic/ Pedestrian. 128 Ii) Parking.- .. 128 Iii) Traffic Safety..- .. 129 Iv) Road Network.- .. 130 C. Fare Standards ..1- 31 V. Summary ..- 132 A. Decision Makers/ Policy Makers/ Regulating Authorities (Transport Consultants/ Gidb)..- . 132 B. Implement Authorities (Corporation Officials/ Development Authority Planners)- .. 132 C. Social Institutes (Ngos/ Principals).. 133 D. Monitoring Authorities (Rto/ Traffic Police) .. 133 E. Transport Operators ( Auto-Rickshaw Association, Bus Operators Public/ Private) ..- . 134 F. Users ..- . 134 Chapter 7 - Conclusions & Recommendations 136 Chapter 8 - Bibliography.. 139