Executive Summary i List of Tables vii List of Figures viii List of Maps ix List of Images ix List of Abbreviations xi CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ..1- 9 1.1 Definition of E-waste. 1 1.2 Composition of E-waste .2 1.3 E-waste Scenario .- .2 1.3.1 Global E-waste Scenario 2 1.3.2 Indian Scenario .4 1.4 Case Study of Ahmedabad City.. ..5 1.5 Need of the study ..6 1.6 Aim 7 1.7 Objectives.. .7 1.8 Scope ..7 1.9 Limitation of the Study ..7 1.10 Methodology .8 1.11 Research Questions ..9 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW .. 10- 41 2.1 Characteristics of E-waste ..11 2.2 Hazards in Computer E-waste 11 2.3 Sources of Computer Waste in India..- ..13 2.4 Computer in the waste stream .13 2.4.1 Individual Households 13 2.4.2 Business Sector .14 2.4.3 Manufacturers and retailers 14 2.4.4 Traders/Scrap dealers/dissemblers 15 2.4.5 Recyclers ..15 2.4.6 Imports ..15 2.5 Electronic Waste and Environment legislation in India .16 2.5.1 What does the Basel Convention say?.. 16 A) Illegal traffic under Basel Convention 18 2.5.2 Hazardous Waste Management Rules - Export & Import Issues ..18 2.5.3 Legal System and E-waste trade .19 A) Background 19 B) Loopholes in the Current legal System .21 2.6 E-Waste management in Indian Scenario .22 2.7 Issues of E-waste in Indian context .24 2.8 Management of E-waste 24 2.8.1 Inventory Management - 24 2.8 2 Production- process modification ..- ..25 2.9 Extended Producer Responsibility Policy 27 2.10 Case Studies. ..28 2.10.1 Case I- E-waste generation and recycling of Chennai City .28 2.10.2 Case II- Recycling of E-waste in Delhi 30 2.10.3 A Thee shell model to analyze recycling system 39 Conclusion .41 CHAPTER 3 COMTER HARDWARE INDUSTRY OVERVIEW 43-55 3.1 Global Hardware Industry Overview .43 3.2 Indian Hardware Industry Overview .44 3.3 Major Hardware player in the Indian Markets ..46 3.4 Impact of Technology 48 3.5 Growing IT sector in Gujarat 49 3.5.1 IT infrastructure development in Gujarat ..49 3.5.2 Gujarat Government support for IT sector 50 3.5.3 Computer Hardware market in City ..51 Conclusion ..55 CHAPTER 4 SITUATION ANALYSES 56-69 4.1 Source of E-waste in City ..56 4.2 Linkages among various Stakeholders 56 4.2.1 Manufacturers 56 4.2.2 Distributors 56 4.2.3 Retailers 58 4.2.4 Individual Households 59 4.2.5 Commercial 59 4.2.6 Repairing Shops 59 4.2.7 Scrap Dealer-I 60 4.2.8 Scrap Dealer-II ..60 4.2.9 Recyclers 60 4.3 Issues regarding E-waste in City ..60 4.4 Scrap market of City .66 4.4.1 Gujjari Market 66 4.4.2 Kabadi market .67 4.5 E-waste trade Economics .67 Conclusion ..69 CHAPTER 4 SITUATION ANALYSES 56-69 4.1 Source of E-waste in City .56 4.2 Linkages among various Stakeholders 56 4.2.1 Manufacturers 56 4.2.2 Distributors 56 4.2.3 Retailers 58 4.2.4 Individual Households 59 4.2.5 Commercial 59 4.2.6 Repairing Shops 59 4.2.7 Scrap Dealer-I 60 4.2.8 Scrap Dealer-II .60 4.2.9 Recyclers 60 4.3 Issues regarding E-waste in City ..60 4.4 Scrap market of City .66 4.4.1 Gujjari Market 66 4.4.2 Kabadi market .67 4.5 E-waste trade Economics 67 Conclusion ..69 CHAPTER 5 FRAMEWORK DEVELOPMENT TO QUANTIFY E-WASTE .71-88 5.1 Framework Development 71 5.1.1 Ratio 73 5.2 Development of matrix 78 5.3 E-waste projection of Ahmedabad 83 Conclusion 88 CHAPTER 6 ASSESSMENT OF RECYCLING SYSTEM .89-98 6.1 Recovery Process .90 6.2 Macro level Impacts 97 Conclusion ..98 CHAPTER7 E-WASTE HANDLING PRACTICES 100-123 7.1 Existing E-waste Handling Processes in City 100 7.1.1 Generation .100 7.1.2 Collection 100 7.1.3 Segregation .100 7.1.4 Recycling /Recovery 101 7.1.5 Disposa 101 7.2 Role of each stakeholders in E-waste Handling Process ..103 7.3 Options to manage E-waste ..103 7.3.1 To develop a formal recycling centre at a City level .107 A) Admistrative structure .109 B) Legal structure 110 C) Role of Stake-holders in Proposed E-waste management practices 113 D) Proposed E-waste management Practices .117 E) Environmental Health and Safety Policy 119 7.3.2 E-waste awareness Programme at City level 119 A) Administrative structure 120 B) Role of stakeholders in proposed e-waste management practices 120 7.4.4.3 Improve existing E-waste recycling facilities 121 Conclusion 12 CHAPTER 8 RECOMMADATIONS ..125-128 8.1 Introduction .125 8.2 Major findings of the Study .125 8.3 Recommendation 129 References 145