CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT i ABSTRACT ii Aims and Objectives 3 Scope and Limitations 3 Methodology and Structure of Thesis 1 INTRODUCTION 4 1.1 HOUSING SCENARIO IN INDIA ? AN OVERVIEW 4 1.2 MASS HOUSING ? A BRIEF HISTORY 4 1.2.1 India 5 1.2.2 The Situation today 6 1.3 CONCEPT ? LOW COST HOUSING 6 1.4 THE DESIGN PROCESS OF MASS HOUSING: THE NEED TO TRANSFORM 6 1.5 HOUSE ? IN THE PROCESS OF CHANGE 8 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 9 2.1 DESIGN PARAMETERS FOR LOW COST HOUSING 9 2.11 Size of Plots 9 2.12 Orientation of Buildings 9 2.13 Architectural Treatment 9 2.14 Standards of Accommodation and Planning of Scope 9 2.2 THE REASONS FOR USER-INITIATED TRANSFORMATIONS 10 2.21 The need for identification 10 2.22 Changes in life style 10 2.23 Social and Cultural factors 10 2.24 Dynamics of the Family 11 2.25 Economic Stability 11 2.26 Technology 11 3 CASE STUDIES 13 3.1 CRITERIA FOR SELECTION OF CASE STUDIES 13 3.2 CASE STUDY 1: 13 MANEKSABAN HOUSING, AHMEDABAD ? 1979 13 3.21 THE LAYOUT 16 3.22 DWELLING UNITS 17 3.23 TRANSFORMATION CASES 18 3.24 IMPACT 23 3.3 CASE STUDY 2: 24 VINZOL TOWNSHIP, AHMEDABAD ? 1983 24 3.31 THE LAYOUT 25 3.32 THE DWELLING UNITS 26 3.4 CASE STUDY 3A: 28 CONSTRUCTION WORKERS HOUSING, MANSAROVAR TOWNSHIP, JAIPUR ? 1983 28 3.41 THE LAYOUT 30 3.42 UNIT 30 3.43 TRANSFORMATION CASES 31 3.5 CASE STUDY 3B: 33 LOWCOST HOUSING SCHEME, MANSAROVAR TOWNSHIP, JAIPUR ? 1983 33 3.51 THE LAYOUT 33 3.52 THE UNIT 35 3.53 TRANSFORMATION CASES 36 4 CASE ANALYSIS 41 4.1 OPINION SURVEY 41 4.2 SAMPLE IDENTIFICATION 41 4.3 QUESTIONNAIRE 41 4.4 COMPARISION AT SITE LEVEL 42 4.41 GENERAL OBSERVATIONS 43 4.51 GENERAL OBSERVATIONS 44 5 INFERENCES AND CONCLUSIONS 45 5.1 INFERENCES FROM HOUSING FINANCE INSTITUTIONS and CONTRACTING FIRMS OPINIONS 45 5.2 INFERENCES FROM HOUSEHOLD OPINION SURVEY 46 5.3 CONCLUSIONS OF STUDY 47 6 REFERENCES 48 ANNEXURES A 1. OPINION SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE A 2. Charts C