CONTENTS
6 INTRODUCTION
6 Why we make models
H A brief history
Modelmaking now
About this book
Getting started
24 Machines
28 MEDIA
30 Introduction
30 Abstraction
32 Size and scale
34 The selection and composition
of media
36 Paper and cardboard
41 Step by step: Developing a design using
paper models
48 Wood
54 Naturally grown woods
Wood-based sheets
Step by step: Woodworking
57 Styrofoam and plastics
62 Case study: Using plastics and styrofoam
68 Step by step: Making an acrylic model
71 Resin, clay and cast materials
73 Step by step: Casting a plaster model from a
silicone mould
Step by step: Using plasticine to develop form
Step by step: Casting a concrete model
Step by step: Casting concrete components
82 Steel and other metalwork
73 Step by step: Modelling a geodesic dome
86 CAD/CAM
88 CNC
Powder printing
ABS Printing/Rapid prototyping

3D Printing: Amalgam Modelmaking
CNC milling & routing
97 Finishing techniques
100 Photography and film
103 Step by step: Creating a realistic photomontage
Digital and camera technology
Case Study: Model photography
Case Study: Time lapse and lighting effects
108 TYPES
Introduction
Concept models
113 Case study: From concept to design proposal
114 Site/city models
119 Block/massing models
122 Design development models
126 Step by step: Making a wax model
128 Case study: Process models
129 Spatial models
133 Case study: Spatial models as design generator
134 Structural models
Case study: Structural models in the design process

14O Interior architecture models
144 Case study: Exploring light and shadow
146 Lighting models
148 Step by step: Light effects on an interior
152 Presentation/exhibition models
157 Step by step: Making a presentation model
158 Case study: Models for an exhibition
160 Full-sized prototypes
162 Case study: Prototype models
165 Case study: Material exploration through prototypes
166 Step by step: Making a cladding model
168 APPLICATION
Introduction
Descriptive models
174 Case study: Descriptive model as communication tool
178 Case study: Descriptive model as practice
182 Predictive models
184 Case study: Detail models
186 Descriptive modelling as hybrid process
188 Predictive modelling as technical study
189 Evaluative models
Case study: Evaluating material properties
Step by step: Evaluating the effects of a facade
196 Explorative models
Case study: Explorative model of urban flows
Case study: Prototyping through explorative models
Step by step: Exploring materials through models
Case study: Exploring new materials through models
Case study: Explorative models of spatial narratives
Case study: Taichung Metropolitan Opera House
208 Modelling the future
210 Case study: Integrated making and thinking
212 Glossary
Further reading
214 Index
215 Picture credits
216 Acknowledgements