SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 General 2
1.2 Scope 3
1.3 Definition 3
1.4 Authority 3
SECTION 2: ROAD MARKING MATERIALS & GENERAL FEATURES 4
2.1 General 4
2.2 Thermoplastic Markings 4
2.3 Solventborne and Waterborne Road Marking Paints 4
2.4 Cold Applied Plastics 4
2.5 Preformed Adhesive Tapes 5
2.6 Colour Pattern for Markings 5
2.7 Visibility Related to Speeds 6
2.8 Retro Reflectivity 6
2.9 External Factors Influencing Marking Performance 7
SECTION 3: CLASSIFICATION OF PAVEMENT MARKINGS 8
3.1 Longitudinal Marking 8
3.2 Transverse Markings 8
3.3 Hazard Marking 9
3.4 Block Marking 9
3.5 Arrow Marking 9
3.6 Directional Marking 9
3.7 Facility Marking 9
3.8 Colour of Pavement Markings 10
3.9 Applications 10
SECTION 4: MARKINGS FOR ROAD LINKS 11
4.1 Centre Line 11
4.2 Traffic Lane Lines 12
4.3 No Overtaking Lines 12
4.4 Warning Lines 15
4.5 Border or Edge Lines 17
4.6 Longitudinal Marking for Undivided Roads 17
4.7 Longitudinal Marking for Divided Carriageway 20
4.8 Longitudinal Marking for Ramp/Slip Roads/One Way Streets 22
SECTION 5: ROAD STUDS 24
5.1 General 24
5.2 Types of Road Studs 24
5.3 Lateral Placement of Road Studs 24
5.4 Colour for Road Studs 25
5.5 Spacing of Road Studs 25
5.6 Solar Road Studs 31
SECTION 6: STOP AND GIVEWAY MARKINGS 32
6.1 Stop Line 32
6.2 Give Way Lines 34
6.3 Guidance for Installation of Stop or Give Way Markings 35
SECTION 7: MARKINGS FOR TRANSITION AND LANE CHANGE 36
7.1 General 36
7.2 Diagonal and Chevron Markings 36
7.3 Continuity Lines 38
7.4 Word Messages 39
7.5 Lane Change & Merging/Diverging Markings 39
7.6 Hatch Markings 41
7.7 Raised Profile Edge Lines 41
7.8 Lane Reduction/Narrowing Situations and Transitions 42
SECTION 8: ARROWS AND WORD MESSAGES 45
8.1 Directional Arrows 45
8.2 Deflection Arrows 46
8.3 Bifurcation Arrows 46
8.4 Arrows on Side Road Approach 47
8.5 Arrows on Main Road Approaches 48
8.6 Word Messages 49
SECTION 9: MARKINGS FOR AT-GRADE INTERSECTIONS 51
9.1 General 51
9.2 Simple Junction 53
9.3 Skew or Y-Junction 53
9.4 Ghost Island Junction 54
9.5 Right Turn Protected T-Junction 55
9.6 Staggered Junction 55
9.7 Dual Carriageway Junctions 59
9.8 Signalised Intersection 59
9.9 Roundabout 62
9.10 Signal Controlled Roundabouts 62
9.11 Double Roundabout 67
9.12 Mini Roundabout 67
ECTION 10: GRADE SEPARATED JUNCTIONS 68
10.1 General 68
10.2 Merging/Diverging without Lane Gain or Lane Drop 68
10.3 Merging/Diverging with Lane Gains/Lane Drop 68
IECTION 11: MARKINGS FOR SPEED REDUCTION MEASURES, PEDESTRIAN CROSSING & CYCLISTS 71
11.1 Markings on Speed Breakers 71
11.2 Thermoplastic Bar Marking 71
11.3 Pedestrian Crossings 71
11.4 Marking for Vulnerable Road Section 72
11.5 Bicycle Lane Marking 72
11.6 Railway Level Crossing 73
SECTION 12: MARKINGS FOR BUSES, TRUCK LAY-BY AND TOLL PLAZA 79
12.1 Bus Lane 79
12.2 Bus Stop 79
12.3 Bus Bay Marking 80
12.4 Truck Lay By Marking 80
12.5 Toll Plaza Marking 80
SECTION 13: PARKING AND RESTRICTIONS 83
13.1 Parking Spaces 83
13.2 Restrictions 83
SECTION 14: OBJECT PAINTINGS 90
14.1 Object Markings 90
14.2 Markings for Objects within the Carriageway 90
14.3 Markings for Objects Adjacent to Carriageway 91
SECTION 15: PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT AND MONITORING 93
15.1 General 93
15.2 Wear Durability 93
15.3 Daytime Visibility 93
15.4 Nighttime Visibility 94
15.5 Performance Criteria 95
15.6 Skid Resistance 96
SECTION 16: WARRANTY AND TESTING METHODS 97
16.1 Warranty 97
16.2 Testing Methods-Inspection 97
16.3 An Assessment of Wear 98
16.4 An Assessment of the Luminance Co-efficient 98
16.5 Road Marking Evaluation Process 98
16.6 Category of Defect and Maintenance 99
16.7 Records 100
16.8 Inventory 100 ANNEXURES
Annexure-A 101
Annexure-B 114
Annexure-C 118
Annexure-D 127
Annexure - E 132
Annexure -F 138
Annexure -G 141