Illustration credits ix
Preface xi
1 Introduction 1
Revolution 3
Counter-revolution 9
Transport and urban design 10
This book 15
2 The challenge 21
Streets 22
Highway layout 27
Desired patterns 29
Complexity and contradiction 34
Conclusions 40
3 Street type and hierarchy 45
Principles of hierarchy 46
Street type and classification 52
The strategic structure 58
Street type revisited 63
Conclusions 67
4 Pattern type 73
Classification of pattern 74
Developing typologies of pattern 83
Quantifying pattern 97
Conclusions 101
Route structure 107
Network representation and analysis 108
Route structure 115
Route structure properties 120
Route type 123
Conclusions 130'
Connectivity and complexity 133
Example networks 134
Connectivity analysis 138
Complexity analysis 145
Characteristic structure 151
Conclusions 154
The constitution of structure 159
Hierarchical structure 160 Composition, configuration and constitution 165
Constitutionally defined street type 169
Types of constitutional structure 171
The structure of car orientation 178
The structure of disurban creation 181 Conclusions •' ' 186
Modes, streets and places 191
The modal kaleidoscope 192 A new formulation for route hierarchy 200 Streetspace classification \ 210
Urban street typology 214
Conclusions 215
From streets to patterns 221
Design approaches - generative processes 222
A street-based constitution 228
Example patterns 235
Conclusions 241
10Conclusions
Tottenham Court Road revisited 246
Coding for streets and patterns 248
Implications for practice 250
The future 254
Appendices 261
Glossary 291
Bibliography 297
Index 315