CONTENTS
Acronyms xvii
1. Introduction 1
1.1 Background 1
1.2 Analytical framework 3
1.3 The study area 5
1.4 Rationale for the selection of metropolitan 11
cities/study area
1.5 Statement of the problem 12
1.6 Objectives 13
1.7 Research questions 13
1.8 Data collection 14
1.9 Sampling 15
1.10 Organization of the study 16
2. Governance and Decentralisation: An overview 20
2.1 Introduction 20
2.2 The concept of urban governance 20
2.3 Elements of governance 24
2.4 Measuring urban governance 28
2.5 Urban governance and implementing framework 31
3. Decentralised urban governance: An overview 36
3.1 Structure of urban local bodies 37
3.2 Structure of ULBs prior to the 74th Constitutional 38
Amendment Act

3.3 Shift in the role of ULBs after the 74th 45
Constitutional Amendment Act
3.4 74th CAA and its implementation in different states 47
3.5 Urban governance and the role of stakeholders 53
4. Metropolitanisation and role of institutions 60
4.1 Introduction 60
4.2 Contemporary dynamics of urban growth in 62
India and across states
4.3 Process and pattern of urbanization in India 65
4.4 Urbanization pattern across size class cities 68
4.5 Metropolitanisation of urbanisation 70
4.6 Growth of population in metropolitan periphery 74
4.7 Slum population in metropolitan cities 75
4.8 Implication of urban growth for provision of 77
urban services
4.9 Institutional arrangement and responsibilities 83
5. Institutional structure for urban governance in 92
Ahmedabad and Hyderabad
5.1 Implementation of the 74th Constitutional 93
Amendment Act in Ahmedabad and Hyderabad
5.2 Participation of other stakeholders in the 126
delivery of services
5.3 Other institutional initiatives/innovations to 132
improve the urban governance
6. Urban governance in Ahmedabad and Hyderabad:
Observations from the field 144
6.1 Critical indicators 149
6.2 Awareness for decentralised urban governance 151
about the 74th CAA
6.3 Preparedness for implementing the decentralised 152
urban governance: training about the 74th CAA
6.4 Responsiveness 153
6.5 Participatory urban governance 157
6.6 Accountability and efficiency 178
6.7 Transparency 182
6.8 Monitoring mechanism 185
6.9 Emerging participatory models/institutional structures 186
7. Summary and conclusion 191
Appendix I: Decentralisation of functional aspects 205
Appendix II: Functions performed before 74th CAA 206
by municipal corporations in Gujarat
Appendix III: Devolution of functions as per 74th CAA 207
to municipal corporations in Gujarat
Appendix IV: List of functions performed by municipal 208
corporations in Andhra Pradesh
Appendix V: List of functions carried out by the Ahmedabad 209
Municipal Corporation
Appendix VI: Status of functions being performed by the 211
Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation as per 74th CAA
Appendix VII: List of functions carried out by the 213
Municipal Corporation of Hyderabad
Appendix VIII: Status of Functions being performed by the 214
Municipal Corporation of Hyderabad as per 74th CAA
Appendix IX: Status of municipal legislation 216
vis-a-vis 74th CAA
Appendix X: Elections in urban local bodies held after 1994 217
Appendix XI: Criteria for delimitation of wards 218
Appendix XII: Removal of Mayors/Chairpersons 219
Appendix XIII: Various committees in municipal corporations 220
Appendix XIV: Number of councillors and committees 221
in Ahmedabad
Appendix XV: Specialised committees other than standing 222
committee in Ahmedabad
Appendix XVI: Logistic regression on awareness 223
about the councillor
Appendix XVII: Logistic regression on work undertaken 224
by the councillor
Appendix XVIII: Logistic regression on awareness of visit by 225 the councillor
Appendix XIX: Logistic regression on meeting with the councillor 226
Appendix XX: Logistic regression on grievances attended by 227
the councillor
Appendix XXI: Implementation of 74th CAA: A comparative picture 228
Appendix XXII: Questionnaire for recipient of services/users 230
Appendix XXIII: Questionnaire for the officials in the municipal 235 corporation
Appendix XXIV: Questionnaire for councillors/ public 239
representatives
Appendix XXV: Questionnaire for the NGOs/CBOs working243
in the selected localities/area
References 245
Index 293