Contents 1.0Report Structure 2.0 Key Findings 8 2.1 Good urban design adds value 8 2.2 Who benefits? 9 2.3 How can greater value be released? 9 3.0The Research 12 3.1 The research background 12 3.2 Research aims and key questions 12 3.3 Research method 13 4.0Literature and Research Review 14 4.1 Questions on value and urban design 14 4.2 What is meant by value? 14 4.3 Why does value matter? 15 4.4 What are the lessons from history? 16 4.5 What is meant by good urban design? 17 4.6 How do perceptions of good design differ? 19 4.7 How can the value and quality of urban design be measured? 22 4.8 How might good urban design add value? 25 4.9 Who incurs the costs and receives the benefits of good urban design? 25 4.10What are the barriers to realising enhanced design value? 30 5.0The Case Studies 34 5.1 An analytical framework 34 5.2 Choosing the case studies 36 5.3 Case Study Review 37 5.3.1East Midland 37 Castle Wharf, Nottingham 38 Standard Court, Nottingham 41 5.3.2 West Midlands 44 Brindleyplace, Birmingham 45 Waterfront Business Park, Dudley 49 5.3.3North West 52 Barbirolli Square, Manchester 53 Exchange Quay, Salford 56 6.0 The Stakeholders 60 6.1 The qualitative evidence 60 6.2 Investors' perspectives 60 6.3 Developers' perspectives 62 6.4 Designers' perspectives 65 6.5 Occupiers' perspectives 66 6.6 Local authority (planning and economic development) perspectives 69 6.7 Users' perspectives 72 7.0 Detailed Conclusions 74 7.1 The literature and research review 74 7.2 The empirical research: economic value 74 7.3 The empirical research: environmental and social value 77 8.0 Recommendations for Further Research 81 Annex A Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches to Measuring Value in the Built Environment 83 A1.1 Qualitative approaches 83 A1.2Quantitative approaches 85 Annex B Research Team Case Study Urban Design Assessments 91 Annex C Interview Pro-formas 97 Bibliography 108