CONTETNS The Contributors vii Acknowledgements xi 1 Introduction 1 Stephen Marshall 2 A Chronicle ot Urban (lodes in Pre-lndnstrial London's Streets and Squares 14 Nick Gnvn 3 The Controlling Urban Code of Enlightenment Scotland 33 Charles 4 The Ideal and the Real: Urban Codes in the Spanish-American Lettered City 59 Jean-Francois Lejeune 6 Prescribing the Ideal City: Building Codes and Planning Principles in Beijing 101 Qinghua Guo 7 Madiizuk'un and Urban Codes in I listorical and Contemporary Kyoto 120 Li Baha 8 Adelaide's Urban Design: Pendular Swings in Concepts and Codes 136 Bank Shelti 9 Coding in the Trench Planning System: From Building Line to Morphological Zoning 158 Karl Kropf 10 Coding as 'Bottom-Up' Planning: Developing a New African Urbanism 180 Jfrald Sttyn 11 I low Codes Shaped Development in the United States, and Why They Should Be Changed 201 Jonathan Bamcn 12 Conclusions 227 Stephen Marshall Bibliography 244 Index 255