CONTENTS Series Preface.. v Preface. vii 1. Introduction 1 2. Sources and emissions of heavy metals .. 7 3. Heavy metals in air.. 13 4. Heavy metals in rain water.. 35 5. Heavy metals in water . 39 6. Heavy metals in soil 71 7. Bioconcentration of metals .. 89 8. Heavy metal effects on vegetation .. 135 9. Heavy metal effects on community structure141 10. Heavy metal effects on production.. 145 11. Heavy metal toxicity on Physiological phenomena.. 149 12. Heavy metal effects at subcellular levels.. 159 13. Heavy metal effects on reproductive capacity of plants 161 14. Heavy metal effects in aquatic organisms.. 165 15. Health hazards from heavy metals.. 189 16. Epidemiology of mercury pollution 203 17. Epidemiology of cadmium pollution .. 221 Bibliography 225 Index .259