CONTENTS SECTION ONE CONSTRUCTION PROJECT MANAGEMENT1 1 INDUSTRY AND THE PROJECT 3 Introduction 3 Tht Construction Industry 6 The Players 9 Future Outlook 11 The Construction Project 13 Categories of Construction Projects 16 The Project Team 18 Conclusion 2O 2 THE PROJECT MANAGEMENT PROCESS22 Introduction 22 Project Chronology 23 Preconstruction 23 Procurement 31 Construction 32 Project Closeout 36 Conclusion 37 3 CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTS AND DELIVERY METHODS39 Introduction 39 Project Risk and Liability 39 Delivery Methods 41 Design-Bid-Build 41 Design-Build 43 Construction Project Management 45 Student Union Example 49 Contract Types 49 Single Fixed Price 49 Unit Price Contract 50 Cost Plus a Fee 51 Contract Changes 53 Student Union Example Continued 53 Conclusion 54 SECTION TWO ESTIMATING55 4 ESTIMATING FUNDAMENTALS57 Introduction 57 Why Estimate? 58 Types of Estimates 58 Conceptual Phase 58 Schematic Phase 59 Design Development Phase 59 Procurement Phase 6O Estimate Considerations 61 Project Size 61 Project Quality 63 Location 64 Time 65 Other Market Conditions 65 The Estimating Process 66 Conclusion 73 5 CONCEPTUAL AND SQUARE FOOT ESTIMATING74 Introduction 74 Conceptual Estimate 75 Approach 75 Data 75 Adjustments 75 Presentation 83 Square Foot Estimating 83 Approach 83 Data 83 Adjustments 87 Presentation 89 Residential Estimating 89 Approach 89 Example Residential Estimate 94 Conclusion 96 6 ASSEMBLIES ESTIMATING98 Introduction 98 What Is an Assembly? 98 Approach 100 Compilation and Adjustment 123 Presentation 125 Conclusion 129 7 DETAILED ESTIMATING13O Introduction 13O Quantity Takeoff 131 Organization 131 Labor, Material, and Equipment 135 Measuring Quantities 137 Unit Pricing 141 Pricing Sources 142 Material Costs 142 Labor Costs 142 Equipment Costs 143 Estimate Setup 146 Format 146 Overhead 146 Profit 148 Conclusion 15O SECTION THREE SCHEDULING153 8 SCHEDULING FUNDAMENTALS155 Introduction 155 Schedule Definition 155 History of Scheduling 155 When to Schedule 156 Preconstruction Stage 156 Construction Stage 16O Postconstruction Stage 16O Scheduling Methods 162 Bar (Gantt) Chart Schedules 162 Linear Balance, Network-Based Bar Chart, and Matrix Schedules 164 Network Schedules 166 Conclusion 168 9 NETWORK CONSTRUCTION17O Introduction 17O Network Definition 17O Why Network Schedules? 17O The Project Planning Process 171 Project Investigation 171 Activity Definition 173 The Network Diagram 176 Network Notation 177 Network Presentation 178 Conclusion 181 1O ACTIVITY DURATION AND NETWORK CALCULATIONS183 Introduction 183 Durations 184 Scheduling Calculations 188 Node Notation 188 Forward Pass Calculations 188 Backward Pass Calculations 19O Float Calculations 192 Conten 193 Critical Path 194 Conclusion 195 SECTION FOUR PROJECT CONTROL197 11 FUNDAMENTALS OF PROJECT CONTROL199 Introduction 199 Basic Control Theory 2OO Project Control Objectives 200 Project Control Cycle 202 Project Team Responsibilities 2O4 Owner 204 Designer 204 Construction Manager 204 Contractor 204 Cost Engineering 2O4 Cost and Schedule Performance 2O5 Variance Example 206 Conclusion 2O8 12 COST, SCHEDULE, AND RESOURCE CONTROL2O9 Introduction 2O9 What Are Resources? 210 Labor 210 Equipment 210 Space 210 Cash 210 Why Manage Resources? 210 Optimum Project Duration 213 Crashing 213 Optimum Project Duration Example 217 Optimization Conclusion 219 Labor and Equipment Studies 219 Cash Flow Analysis 228 Income Projection 231 Payment Projection 232 Cash Flow Analysis Conclusion 233 Conclusion 235 13 UPDATING THE PROJECT: CONTROL. IN PRACTICE 24O Introduction 24O Control Baselines 241 Cost Baseline 241 Time Baseline 241 Baseline Summary 244 Measuring Project Completion Status 244 Units Completed 246 Incremental Milestone 246 Cost Ratio 246 Other Methods 246 Material Cost and Schedule Control 246 Labor and Equipment Control 248 Project Documentation Process 249 Documentation 249 Project Coordination 25O Trending, Forecasting, and Reporting 25O Conclusion 259 APPENDIX A 261 APPENDIX B 267 INDEX 283