Table of Contents 1 Introduction 11 1.1 Short description of the case study areas 12 1.1.1 Marzahn North West and the Red and Yellow Quarter in Hellersdorf 12 1.1.2 The Marzahn North West and the Red and Yellow Quarter's actor structure 15 1.1.3 Markisches Viertel in Berlin 17 1.1.4 The Markisches Viertel's actor structure 20 2 The relevant policies - a general overview 23 2.1 German urban policies since 1980: from urban rehabilitation to integrated measures 23 2.2 Area targeted policies for the large housing estates 24 2.3 Non-area specific policies, formal and informal policies: their effect on the estates 26 2.4 The changes in the philosophies behind the policies - from government o governance 27 2.4.1 Spatially related policies - from physical to integrative 28 2.4.2 Non-area specific policies and the large housing estates 29 2.5 The main aims of the present policies 30 3 Housing and the built environment: political demand for social cohesion in an environment of economic crisis and spatial polarisation 31 3.1 The Socially Integrative City 31 3.1.1 Introduction 31 3.1.2 Main aims of the policy 32 3.1.3 Main activities of the policy 32 3.1.4 The organisation of the Socially Integrative City in Berlin 33 3.1.5 Marzahn North West - QuartiersAgentur 36 3.1.6 The Red and Yellow Quarter in Hellersdorf: housing management as 'an all-round-player' 38 3.1.7 The Markisches Viertel - neighbourhood management without the structure of the Socially Integrative City 38 3.1.8 Participation in the policy 41 3.1.9 Conclusion and evaluation 43 3.2 The Urban Regeneration Programme 44 3.2.1Introduction 44 3.2.2 The main aim of the policy: providing models for careful shrinking 45 3.2.3 Main activities of the policy: funding and building experience 45 3.2.4 Organisation of the policy 45 3.3 Marzahn North West 46 3.4 Red and Yellow Quarter in Hellersdorf 47 3.5 Markisches Viertel 47 3.5.1 Participation in the policy place-making against de-stabilisation? 48 3.5.2 Evaluation and conclusion 48 4 Employment and economy and the rehabilitation of the large housing estates 51 4.1 Introduction 51 4.2 The main aims of the policy - 'supporting and demanding' 52 4.3 Main activities within the policy 52 4.4 Organisation of the policy 53 4.4.1 Marzahn North West and the Red and Yellow Quarter in Hellersdorf 53 4.4.2 Markisches Viertel 54 4.5 Participation in the policy 55 4.6 Evaluation and conclusion 56 5 Safety 57 5.1 Introduction:'.. no special risk areas, so far ..' 57 5.2 Main aims of the policy 57 5.3 Main activities of the policy 58 5.4 Organisation of the policy 59 5.4.1 Marzahn-Hellersdorf: the action-plan against domestic violence and on-the-spot neighbourhood mediation 59 5.4.2 The Markisches Viertel 59 5.5 Participation and evaluation of the policy 59 6 Education 61 6.1 Introduction: consequences from Pisa 61 6.2 Main aims of the policy 62 6.3 Main activities of the policy 62 6.4 Organisation of the policy 62 6.4.1 Marzahn-Hellersdorf: schools and political education as actors in a network,enhancing social cohesion and political participation 63 6.4.2 The Markisches Viertel 64 6.5 Participation and evaluation of the policy 65 7 Health and well-being 67 7.1 Introduction: the'Healthy Cities'network 67 7.2 Main aims of the policy 67 7.3 Main activities of the policy 68 7.4 Organisation of the policy 68 7.4.1 Health projects in Marzahn-Hellersdorf 68 7.4.2 The Markisches Viertel 69 7.5 Participation and evaluation of the policy 69 8 Social aspects 71 8.1 Supporting social cohesion in the context of urban development 72 8.1.1 Marzahn NorthWest: integration through enabling for participation 72 8.1.2 Red and Yellow Quarter in Hellersdorf: social cohesion as a task of the housing management 72 8.1.3 Markisches Viertel 72 8.2 Participation in - and organisation of- local social infrastructure 73 8.3 Evaluation and conclusion 73 9 Introducing new forms of governance 75 9.1 On the theory of governance 75 9.1.1 Governance 75 9.1.2 The capacity for governance 76 9.2 Main aims of the policy - theory to practice in the rehabilitation of the large housing estates 78 9.3 Main activities of the policy - introducing governance 78 9.4 Organisation of the policy- actor-network-relations and capacity-building in the establishment of new forms of governance 81 9.5 Participation in the policy 82 9.6 Conclusions and evaluation 83 10 General conclusions 85 10.1 The influence of policies on the large housing estates 85 10.2 Programme structure and network building: the personal side 86 10.3 Place-making strategies 86 10.4The strength of weak ties 87 10.5 The opportunities for urban and social integration 87 10.6The need for knowledge management 88 References 89 List of people interviewed 93